美国社会不平等与拜登政府改革的前景  

American Social Inequality and the Prospects of Biden’s Reform

作　　者：张文宗[1] Zhang Wenzong

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院美国研究所

出　　处：《美国研究》2021年第6期119-138,M0006,M0007,共22页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

摘　　要：美国社会近年来极为严重的不平等,与新自由主义泛滥、全球化、技术进步和2008年金融危机息息相关。奥马巴和特朗普的施政未能缓解社会不平等,疫情的冲击加剧问题的严重性。拜登政府力图控制疫情稳定经济,以大规模基建和科研投入创造就业,以向富人和大企业加税改善二次分配,以"中产阶级外交"服务国内发展,以遏压中国为手段重塑供应链。民主党缓解美国社会不平等的国内议程体现了进步主义改良的思路,但面临政治阻力、债务膨胀和科技负效应等问题,而发动对华"新冷战"只会增加其国内施政的困难。The extreme inequality in American society in recent years is closely related to the widespread neoliberalism,globalization,technological progress and the 2008 financial crisis. Neither Obama nor Trump succeeded in alleviating social inequality,and the impact of the pandemic has exacerbated the problems. The Biden administration is trying to control the epidemic,stabilize the economy,and create new jobs with large-scale infrastructure and scientific research investment. At the same time,it is willing to promote economic and social equality by increasing taxes by the rich and large companies,implementing "middle-class diplomacy,and containing China. The Democratic Party’s domestic agenda reflects the idea of progressive reform,but it faces political resistance,higher inflation in the shadow of debt,and negative effects of technology. Launching a "new cold war"against China will make it harder to improve domestic governance.

关 键 词：美国社会文化 不平等 拜登政府 改革 中产阶级外交 进步主义 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]