培养料不同含氮量和碳氮比对糙皮侧耳生长和营养成分含量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Content and C∶N Ratio on Growth and Nutritional Components of Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：胡延如 尼振原 张佳欣 余海尤[2] 戚元成[1] 申进文[1] 文晴[1] HU Yanru;NI Zhenyuan;ZHANG Jiaxin;YU Haiyou;QI Yuancheng;SHEN Jinwen;WEN Qing(College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南牧业经济学院食品与生物工程学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2022年第1期36-40,共5页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31701980);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-20);河南省重大公益专项(201300110700);中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(2018410000270095);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110395)。

摘　　要：采用不同比例(10%、20%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%)麦麸与玉米芯混合进行糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)熟料栽培,研究培养料不同含氮量和碳氮比对菌丝生长、生物学效率和子实体营养成分的影响。结果表明:在实验范围内,随着麦麸用量增加,培养料含氮量呈上升趋势,碳氮比呈下降趋势;菌丝生长速度呈下降趋势;生物学效率呈先升高后降低趋势;子实体粗蛋白含量呈上升趋势,而子实体总糖、粗脂肪和粗纤维含量呈下降趋势。综合菌丝长势、生物学效率、营养成分含量等因素,玉米芯、麦麸栽培糙皮侧耳的最佳配方:52%玉米芯、45%麦麸、2%石灰、1%轻质碳酸钙,含水量65%;对应培养料的含氮量和碳氮比分别为1.69%和21.90∶1。Wheat bran was used in substitution of corncob at different proportions(10%, 20%, 30%,35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% and 65%) to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus, and effects of nitrogen content and C∶N ratio of culture substrates on mycelial growth, biological efficiency and nutritional components of P. ostreatus were studied. The results showed that nitrogen content increased and C∶N ratio decreased with the increase of wheat bran proportion. As the proportion of wheat bran increased, the mycelial growth rate of P. ostreatus gradually decreased;the biological efficiency of P. ostreatus initially increased and then started to decrease when the proportion of wheat bran reached 60%;fruiting body crude protein content increased, whereas total sugar, crude fat and crude fiber contents decreased. Comprehensively considering mycelial growth, yield, nutritional components and other factors, the optimal formula for P. ostreatus cultivation using corncob and wheat bran was 52% corncob, 45% wheat bran, 2% lime, 1% light calcium carbonate, 65% water content, and the corresponding nitrogen content and C∶N ratio were 1.69% and 21.90∶1, respectively.

关 键 词：食用菌 糙皮侧耳 麦麸 玉米芯 碳氮比 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]