海上地震勘探斜缆采集中鬼波产生机理及压制效果分析  

Generation mechanism of ghost wave in marine seismic exploration and ghost wave attenuation from marine seismic data

作　　者：马德志 王炜 金明霞[2] 王海昆[2] 张明强[2] MA De-Zhi;WANG Wei;JIN Ming-Xia;WANG Hai-Kun;ZHANG Ming-Qiang(China Oilfield Services Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300451,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部物探研究院,天津300451 [2]中海油田服务股份有限公司,天津300451

出　　处：《物探与化探》2022年第1期175-181,共7页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国海洋石油总公司科研项目(WTB21YF002)。

摘　　要：在海洋油气勘探中,为了准确获取勘探目的层高精度、高分辨率的反射信息,实现更加细腻的成像,海洋地震宽频采集及处理技术近年来得到了极大的创新和发展。本文研究了海洋地震勘探中鬼波的产生机理、鬼波的分类和特性及其在实际地震资料中的表现形式。采用频率域高精度斜缆Radon变换作为主要处理方法,对某直斜缆宽频数据进行了鬼波的衰减,经过鬼波压制处理后,地震资料的震源鬼波和电缆鬼波都得到了极大程度的衰减,陷波点能量显著增强。鬼波压制处理既拓宽了地震资料的低频成分,也拓宽了地震资料的高频成分,尤其低频成分能量得到了显著的增强,该方法在实际海洋地震资料的应用中取得了良好的应用效果。In marine oil and gas exploration,for the purpose of accurately acquiring the high-precision and high-resolution reflection information of the exploration target and realizing more delicate imaging,broadband acquisition and processing technology of marine seismic has been greatly innovated and developed in recent years.In this paper,the generation mechanism of ghost wave,the classification and characteristics of ghost wave and its manifestation in actual seismic data are studied.The high-resolution radon transform in frequency domain is used as the main processing method to attenuate ghost wave in a broad-band data of a straight slant cable.After the ghost wave suppression processing,the source ghost wave and cable ghost wave of seismic data have been greatly attenuated,and the notch energy has been significantly enhanced.The broadband processing not only broadens the low-frequency component of seismic data,but also broadens the high-frequency component of seismic data;especially,the low-frequency component energy has been significantly enhanced.This method has achieved good results in the application of marine seismic data.

关 键 词：鬼波衰减 陷波 斜缆采集 宽频处理 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]