肥大细胞在肿瘤发生发展中的作用  

The Role of Mast Cells on Tumor Occurrence and Development

作　　者：张娜 徐天瑞[1] 安输[1] ZHANG Na;XU Tian-Rui;AN Shu(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,University Based Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening and Utilization of Targeted Drugs,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南省高校靶点药物筛选与利用重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2022年第1期42-48,共7页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81760264和No.81960394);云南省基础研究计划重点项目(No.201901S070097)。

摘　　要：肥大细胞是人体主要免疫细胞之一,因其作为导致过敏反应发生的最直接效应细胞而著称。肥大细胞最主要的结构特征为其胞内含有大量嗜碱性颗粒,该颗粒内又富含种类众多的生物活性物质,包括组胺、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(fibroblast growth factor,FGF)、基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)、类胰蛋白酶、类糜蛋白酶和一些炎症介质等。其中,组胺对肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭有重要影响,而VEGF、FGF、MMP、类胰蛋白酶和类糜蛋白酶可在肿瘤血管生成的不同阶段发挥重要作用。大量炎症介质可导致肿瘤发生部位的炎症反应,而长期低水平的炎症反应是促进肿瘤发生发展的主要因素之一。现有研究表明,在不同的肿瘤组织中均能检测到数量明显增加的肥大细胞,而肿瘤组织中的肥大细胞活化脱颗粒所释放的活性物质可刺激肿瘤生长、肿瘤血管新生和促进肿瘤转移。同时,肿瘤微环境对肥大细胞募集至肿瘤组织、肥大细胞的成熟和活化亦具有重要的调控作用。本文将从肥大细胞对肿瘤生长、肿瘤血管的生成及肿瘤微环境对肥大细胞活化等几个方面,综述肥大细胞在肿瘤发生发展中作用的最新研究进展。Mast cells are one of the major immune cells in the human body and best known for their role in allergy and anaphylaxis.The main structural characteristic of mast cells is that they contain a large number of basophilic granules,and the basophilic granules are rich in a variety of bioactive substances including histamine,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),fibroblast growth factor(FGF),matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),tryptase,chymase and a diverse number of inflammatory mediators.Histamine is involved in the proliferation,migration and invasion of some kinds of cancer cells,and VEGF,FGF,MMP,tryptase and chymotryptase play a significant role in different stages of tumor angiogenesis.The release of various inflammatory mediators from mast cells can lead to inflammatory response at the site of tumor formation,and it is well known that chronic inflammation is a primary risk factor for cancer development and progression.Some studies have shown that a significantly increased number of mast cells can be detected in different tumor tissues.The active substances released by mast cells can stimulate tumor growth,tumor angiogenesis and promote tumor metastasis.Furthermore,the tumor microenvironment also plays an important role in regulating the recruitment of mast cells to tumor tissues and the maturation and activation of mast cells.In this article,we will review the latest progress in the effects of mast cells on tumor growth,tumor angiogenesis,and tumor microenvironment on mast cell activation.

关 键 词：肥大细胞 肿瘤生长 肿瘤血管生成 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R392.12[医药卫生—免疫学]