低蛋白水平日粮添加复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪后肠微生物的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Compound Acidifier on Hindgut Microbe of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：王同振 徐荣 刘丽晓 郝瑞荣[1] 李清宏[1] WANG Tongzhen;XU Rong;LIU Lixiao;HAO Ruirong;LI Qinghong(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第2期20-28,共9页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划(201703D211001-05-01,201803D221009-4)。

摘　　要：该试验旨在研究低蛋白水平日粮添加复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪后肠微生物菌群及其代谢组学的影响。选取体况相似、胎次相近的28日龄断奶的“杜洛克×长白×大白”三元杂交仔猪27头,随机分为3个组(每组3个重复,每个重复3头猪),对照组饲喂正常蛋白水平日粮(NP,粗蛋白20%),试验组分别饲喂中等蛋白水平日粮+复合酸化剂(MP+CA,粗蛋白18%,复合酸化剂8 g/kg)和低蛋白水平日粮+复合酸化剂(LP+CA,粗蛋白16%,复合酸化剂8 g/kg),试验期28 d。结果表明:(1)低蛋白水平日粮添加CA显著提高了结肠微生物群落的丰富度(P<0.05),对盲肠和结肠微生物群落多样性无显著影响(P>0.05);(2)门水平上,显著提高了后肠中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度,降低了变形菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05);属水平上,显著提高了后肠中Syntrophococcus、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、Christensenellaceae_R_7_group和Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group等菌属的相对丰度,降低了Streptococcus和Escherichia-Shigella等菌属的相对丰度(P<0.05);(3)低蛋白水平日粮添加复合酸化剂显著影响了盲肠和结肠中的代谢物组成结构,主要影响了核黄素的代谢通路(P<0.05)。由此可见,低蛋白水平日粮添加复合酸化剂提高了仔猪后肠微生物菌群的丰富度和有益菌的相对丰度,降低了致病菌的相对丰度,改变了后肠中代谢物的组成和结构,引起后肠核黄素等代谢的改变,促进了仔猪肠道健康。The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low protein diet supplemented with compound acidifier on intestinal microflora and metabonomics of weaned piglets.A total of 27 weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)aged 28 days were randomly divided into 3 groups(3 replicates in each group,3 pigs in each replicate),the control group was fed with normal protein level diet(NP,crude protein level 20%),the experimental group was fed with medium protein level diet+compound acidifier(MP+CA,crude protein level 18%,compound acidifier supplement level 8 g/kg)and low protein level diet+compound acidifier(LP+CA,crude protein level 16%,compound acidifier supplement level 8 g/kg),the test period was 28 days.The results showed that:(1)The addition of CA to diets with low protein levels significantly increased the abundance of colonic microbial communities(P<0.05),and had no significant effect on the diversity of cecum and colonic microbial communities(P>0.05).(2)At the phylum level,it significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in the hindgut,and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria(P<0.05);at the genus level,it significantly increased the relative abundance of Syntrophococcus,Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group,Christensenaceae R7 group and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group,reduced the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella(P<0.05).(3)The addition of CA to low-protein diets significantly affected the composition and structure of metabolites in the cecum and colon,and mainly affected the metabolic pathways of riboflavin and thyroid hormones(P<0.05).It can be seen that the low protein diet with compound acidifier increases the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the hindgut,reduces the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria,changes the composition and structure of metabolites in the hindgut,causes changes in the metabolism of riboflavin in the hindgut,which promotes the intestinal health of piglets.

关 键 词：断奶仔猪 低蛋白日粮 复合酸化剂 后肠微生物 代谢组学 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S852.6[农业科学—畜牧兽医]