L-酪氨酸对泰和乌骨鸡胸腺肥大细胞数量的影响  

Effects of L-tyrosine on Mast Cells in Thymus of the Taihe Black-bone Silky Fowl

作　　者：司雨 肖红 楚萌[1] 刘洋铨 余航 叶亚琼 周作红 张晖[1,3] SI Yu;XIAO Hong;CHU Meng;LIU Yangquan;YU Hang;YE Yaqiong;ZHOU Zuohong;ZHANG Hui(College of Life Science and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan,Guangdong 528231,China;Yichun Institute of Animal Science,Yichun,Jiangxi 336000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山528231 [2]宜春市畜牧科学研究所,江西宜春336000 [3]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第2期36-40,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760716,31560681);江西省自然科学基金(20151BBF60007,20171ACB21028)。

摘　　要：黑色素是反映乌骨鸡肉质的重要标志,也是影响市场价格的重要因素,但乌骨鸡黑色素生成的机理仍未完全阐明。该试验在饲料中添加不同浓度的L-酪氨酸,通过甲苯胺蓝组织化学染色法检测和分析胸腺肥大细胞的数量变化,探究外源性L-酪氨酸和乌骨鸡胸腺肥大细胞之间的相关性。胸腺石蜡切片苏木精-伊红(HE)染色结果表明,在泰和乌骨鸡胸腺中有黑色素分布。甲苯胺蓝组织化学染色表明胸腺中有大量的肥大细胞,多呈卵圆形,胞质呈紫红色,多分布于胸腺髓质血管和胸腺小体周围,肥大细胞数量为14.1±2.8个/视野。随着饲料中L-酪氨酸浓度增加,胸腺肥大细胞数量也增加。在饲料L-酪氨酸浓度为0.8%时,胸腺肥大细胞数量达到峰值28.8±6.5个/视野;L-酪氨酸浓度为1.0%时,胸腺肥大细胞下降为16.5±2.4个/视野。因此,在浓度为0~0.8%范围内,外源性L-酪氨酸可显著促进胸腺肥大细胞的数量增加(P<0.05),L-酪氨酸浓度与肥大细胞数量呈正相关。该试验结果有助于理解禽类黑色素生成的细胞学机理。The Chinese Taihe black-bone silky fowl(Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson)contains melanin which is considered an important indicator of meat quality and a key factor that affect the price of the silky fowl.However,the mechanism of melanogenesis is not fully disclosed in the sliky fowl.In this experiment,different concentrations of L-tyrosine were added to the feed,and toluidine blue histochemical staining was used to detect and analyze the changes in the number of thymic mast cells,trying to clarify the correlation between exogenous L-tyrosine and silky fowl thymic mast cells.The results of hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining of paraffin sections of thymus showed that there is melanin distributed in the thymus of Taihe silky fowl.Histochemical staining with toluidine blue showed that there are a large number of mast cells in the thymus.The mast cells are mostly oval in shape and purple-red in cytoplasm.They are mostly distributed around the thymic medullary blood vessels and thymic corpuscles.There were 14.1±2.8 mast cells/visual field in the control group.With L-tyrosine concentrations increased in the feed,the number of thymic mast cells also increased.At an L-thyrosine concentration of 0.8%,thymic mast cells reached a peak of 28.8±6.5 mast cells/visual field.At an L-tyrosine concentration of 1.0%,the thymic mast cells decreased to 16.5±2.4 mast cells/visual field.In conclusion,in the concentration range of 0~0.8%,exogenous L-tyrosine can significantly increase the number of thymic mast cells(P<0.05),and the concentration of L-tyrosine is positively correlated with the number of mast cells.The results of this experiment are helpful to understand the cytological mechanism of melanin production in poultry.

关 键 词：乌骨鸡 酪氨酸 肥大细胞 黑色素 

分 类 号：S811[农业科学—畜牧学] S831[农业科学—畜牧兽医]