2007年-2019年北京某三甲妇产专科医院医务人员锐器伤调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Sharp Instrument Injuries Among Medical Staff in a Three A and Tertiary Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in Beijing from 2007 to 2019

作　　者：崔艳[1] 费秀珍[1] 徐明雯 Cui Yan;Fei Xiuzhen;Xu Mingwen(Beijing Obstelrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院(北京妇幼保健院),北京市100026

出　　处：《中国病案》2022年第1期59-63,共5页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的分析医务人员发生锐器伤原因,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,以2007年1月1日-2019年12月31日北京某三甲医院医务人员上报的医务人员锐器伤登记表为基础,分析导致医务人员发生锐器伤的因素。结果在180例调查者中医师、护士锐器伤的发生率最高,分别为40%和39.4%。受伤程度分为轻度、中度、重度3个等级,使用卡方检验对锐器伤相关危险因素进行单因素研究。结果显示工作科室、受伤日期、工作时间、工作类别、伤害发生操作环节、受伤部位为发生锐器伤的危险因素(P<0.05),与工龄无关(P>0.05)。使用有序Logistic回归的方法对以上危险因素进行多因素分析,构建预测方程,结果显示最终模型卡方检验χ^(2)=16.057,P<0.05,为有效模型。拟合度检验P<0.05,说明模型拟合良好。结论本研究显示锐器伤发生的高危人群为医师与护士,主要发生在手术与检查、诊疗、护理环节,手术室与急诊室是高风险场所,主要暴露感染源为乙肝病毒。为防范锐器伤发生,应完善制度建设,加强安全宣传的力度,积极开展培训、规范操作流程,推广安全器具的使用,减少不必要的操作,切实有效地降低医务人员锐器伤的发生。Objectives To analyze the causes of sharp injuries, and provide the basis for formulating of prevention and control measures. Methods Based on the registration form of sharp instrument injury reported by medical staff from January 1 st, 2007 to December 31 st, 2019 in a Three A and Tertiary hospital in Beijing, the factors leading to sharp instrument injury in medical staff were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence of sharp force injury among doctors and nurses was 40% and 39.4%, respectively. The injury degree was divided into three grades: mild, moderate and severe, and the Chi-square test was used to conduct a univariate study on the risk factors related to sharp force injury. The results showed that the department of work, date of injury, working time,work type, operation link of injury and injury site were the risk factors of sharp instrument injury(P<0.05), but had nothing to do with length of service(P>0.05). Ordered Logistic regression was used to conduct multi-factor analysis on the above risk factors and construct the prediction equation. The results showed that the final model chi-square test χ^(2)=16.057, P<0.05, was an effective model. The fitting test P<0.05 indicated that the model fit well. Conclusions This study showed that the high-risk group of sharp force injury was doctors and nurses, which mainly occurred in the operation and examination, diagnosis and treatment, and nursing links. The operating room and emergency room were high-risk places, and the main source of infection was hepatitis B virus. In order to prevent the occurrence of sharp instrument injury, it was necessary to perfect the system construction, strengthen the strength of safety propaganda, actively carry out training, standardize the operation process, popularize the use of safe instruments, reduce unnecessary operation, and effectively reduce the occurrence of sharp instrument injury of medical personnel.

关 键 词：医务人员 锐器伤 调查分析 防护对策 

分 类 号：R197.5[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]