玉米气生根性状与抗倒性的关系  

Relationship between brace root traits and lodging resistance of maize

作　　者：于大伟 朱猛 员海燕[1] YU Dawei;ZHU Meng;YUN Haiyan(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期91-97,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省农业攻关项目(2014K02-01-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究玉米气生根性状与抗倒性的关系,为玉米抗倒育种提供参考。【方法】以190个玉米自交系为材料,调查气生根角度和入土气生根条数,采用列联表分析方法对气生根角度、入土气生根条数与倒伏级别进行相关性分析;同时以2组不同抗倒型的玉米自交系为材料,在杨凌和三亚2个环境下,对两组自交系的入土气生根条数、气生根角度、气生根直径和气生根深度进行比较分析,探讨气生根性状与抗倒性的关系。【结果】玉米气生根角度和入土气生根条数与倒伏级别的列联表分析的χ^(2)值分别为23.261和13.023,达到极显著和显著水平;气生根角度越大、气生根条数越多,玉米植株倒伏的几率越低。同一环境下,抗倒型玉米自交系气生根角度均大于易倒型玉米自交系,除自交系R1与S3外,2组玉米自交系气生根角度差异均显著;抗倒型玉米自交系的第1层入土气生根条数和总条数均显著大于易倒型玉米自交系,说明玉米气生根角度和入土气生根条数可用于玉米抗倒伏品种选育。抗倒型玉米自交系的气生根直径平均值和气生根深度平均值较易倒型玉米自交系大,但不存在一致的显著性差异规律。【结论】气生根角度、入土气生根条数与玉米抗倒性显著正相关,在玉米育种中重点针对气生根角度、入土气生根条数加以筛选利用,同时参考气生根直径和气生根深度的表现,能达到有效选育抗倒伏品种的目的。【Objective】This study analyzed the relationships between brace root traits and lodging resistance of maize to provide basis for lodging resistance breeding.【Method】A total of 190 maize inbred lines were used to investigate brace root angle and brace root number inserted soil and their correlation with lodging grades was analyzed by contingency analysis method.The brace root angle,brace root number inserted soil,brace root diameter and brace root depth of two groups with different lodging resistances were also compared.【Result】The Chi-square values of correlation test in contingency analysis of brace root angle and brace root number with lodging grades were χ^(2)=23.261 and χ^(2)=13.023,reaching extremely significant and significant levels,respectively.Wider brace root angle and more brace number led to stronger lodging resistance.In the same environment,brace root angles of all lodging-resistant inbred lines were wider than those of lodging-sensitive ones and the differences among the two groups were significant except for inbred lines R1 and S3.Both brace root number of the first layer and total of the lodging-resistant inbred lines were generally larger than the lodging-sensitive ones.The average diameter and depth of brace roots of lodging-resistant maize inbred lines were larger than lodging-sensitive ones without significant difference.【Conclusion】There were closely positive correlations of brace root angle and brace root number with lodging resistance.Thus,it is suggested to select maize inbred lines or crosses with wider brace root angle and more brace root number and consider brace root diameter and brace root depth for effective selection of breed lodging resistant varieties.

关 键 词：玉米育种 抗倒性 气生根 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]