京津风沙源区草地生态修复技术评价  

Assessment of grassland ecological restoration technologies in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source area

作　　者：宁晨东 周利军 齐实[1] 孙保平[1] 李月 张琪 刘孝盈[4] NING Chendong;ZHOU Lijun;QI Shi;SUN Baoping;LI Yue;ZHANG Qi;LIU Xiaoying(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yantgze Soil Conservation Monitoring Center,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;College of Public Management,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]长江水利委员会水土保持监测中心站,湖北武汉430010 [3]贵州财经大学公共管理学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期126-136,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503704)。

摘　　要：【目的】评价京津风沙源区草地各种生态修复技术的治理效果,为区域内生态工程布设和草地生态修复技术的选择提供参考。【方法】以京津风沙源治理区为研究对象,采用文献计量法分析了研究区内不同草地生态修复技术的实施效果,同时以3项典型生态修复技术为例,以综合评分法和空间叠置法评价其效益和适宜性,并提出其适宜范围。【结果】①京津风沙源治理区内共实施草地生态修复技术21项,集中分布在典型草原亚区、荒漠草原亚区和浑善达克沙地亚区,项目区草地生态修复技术总体实施效果良好,不同技术对生态指标的恢复效果各有不同。②围栏封育、人工草地建植和补播草种是应用较为广泛且最能展现草地修复效果的技术措施,其中效益定量评价值最高的是人工草地建植技术,其次为补播草种技术,围栏封育技术的效益值较低。③京津风沙源治理区内,围栏封育技术的适宜面积最大,为27.6万km^(2);其次为补播草种技术,适宜面积为20.9万km^(2);人工草地建植技术的适宜面积最小,为5.8万km^(2)。【结论】京津风沙源区内草地生态修复技术整体实施效果较好,综合考虑技术适宜性和效益,在草地分布较广的3个治理亚区中,浑善达克沙地亚区适宜推广人工草地建植技术,荒漠草原亚区适宜推广围栏封育技术,典型草原亚区根据立地条件优先推广补播草种技术,在立地条件较差的区域则适宜推广围栏封育技术。【Objective】This study assessed different grassland ecological restoration technologies in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control area to provide a reference for implementation of ecological engineering and selection of grassland ecological restoration technologies.【Method】Grassland ecological restoration technologies were selected by literature analysis and 3 typical ecological restoration technologies were taken as examples to evaluate benefit and suitability by comprehensive scoring method and spatial overlay analysis.【Result】(1)There were 21 grassland ecological restoration technologies used in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control area,mainly distributed in typical grassland subzone,Hunshandake sand subzone and desert grassland subzone.All grassland ecological restoration technologies in the area showed positive recovery effects on degraded grassland,but the results varied among ecological variables.(2)Fen-cing,artificial grass planting and over sowing were widely used and capable of representing the effect of grassland restoration.Artificial grass planting had the highest benefit value,followed by over sowing and fencing in sequence.(3)In the study area,fencing had the highest suitable area of 276000 km^(2),followed by over sowing of 209000 km^(2) and artificial grassland planting of 58000 km^(2).【Conclusion】Most grassland ecological restoration technologies in Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source area had positive results.Artificial grass planting is suggested in the Hunshandake sand subzone,fencing is suggested in the desert grassland subzone,while over sowing is suggested in the typical grassland subzone considering the suitability and benefit,fencing is suitable to be popularized in the areas with poor site conditions.

关 键 词：京津风沙区 CiteSpace软件 草地修复 生态效益评价 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学]