Phase separation in synthetic biology  

作　　者：Shuyu Shi Wen Si Xiaoyi Ouyang Ping Wei 

机构地区：[1]Undergraduate Program of Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China [2]Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [3]School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [4]Center for Quantitative Biology,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [5]Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology,Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China

出　　处：《Quantitative Biology》2021年第4期378-399,共22页定量生物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China 2018YFA0902800(P.W.);the National Natural Science Foundation of China 31470819(P.W.);31622022(P.W.).

摘　　要：Background:The concept of phase separation has been used to describe and interpret physicochemical phenomena in biological systems for decades.Many intracellular macromolecules undergo phase separation,where it plays important roles in gene regulation,cellular signaling,metabolic reactions and so on,due to its unique dynamic properties and biological effects.As the noticeable importance of phase separation,pioneer researchers have explored the possibility to introduce the synthetically engineered phase separation for applicable cell function.Results:In this article,we illustrated the application value of phase separation in synthetic biology.We described main states of phase separation in detail,summarized some ways to implement synthetic condensates and several methods to regulate phase separation,and provided a substantial amount of identical examples to illuminate the applications and perspectives of phase separation in synthetic biology.Conclusions:Multivalent interactions implement phase separation in synthetic biology.Small molecules,light control and spontaneous interactions induce and regulate phase separation.The synthetic condensates are widely used in signal amplifications,designer orthogonally non-membrane-bound organelles,metabolic pathways,gene regulations,signaling transductions and controllable platforms.Studies on quantitative analysis,more standardized modules and precise spatiotemporal control of synthetic phase separation may promote the further development of this field.

关 键 词：phase separation synthetic biology multivalent interaction non-membrane-bound organelle signaling transduction and amplification 

分 类 号：O57[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]