碳纳米管包裹聚磷酸铵协同Mg(OH)_(2)构筑乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物复合材料及其火安全性能  

Construction of hierarchical structure of carbon nanotube-encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate/Mg(OH)_(2)and the synergistic effect on the fire safety of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer

作　　者：李茁实[1] 陆境一 董春[1] 汪碧波 金志健 房权生[1] 胡源[2] LI Zhuoshi;LU Jingyi;DONG Chun;WANG Bibo;JIN Zhijian;FANG Quansheng;HU Yuan(Baosheng Science&Technology CO.LTD.,Yangzhou 225800,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]宝胜科技创新股份有限公司,扬州225800 [2]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第1期182-192,共11页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目课题(51991352);江苏省科技成果转化专项(BA2018107)。

摘　　要：本文采用微胶囊法制备了具有多层次结构的碳纳米管包裹聚磷酸铵(APP@CNT)阻燃剂,在此基础上与Mg(OH)_(2)复配,采用纳米复合技术制备了火安全的电线电缆用阻燃乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)复合材料(APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2))。采用SEM、TGA、极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)、微型锥形量热仪(MCC),电子万能拉伸机和高阻计对阻燃EVA复合材料的结构与性能进行系统研究。结果表明,APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2)的残炭率从2.4%上升至43.9%,氧指数高达38%,垂直燃烧达到UL-94 V-0级,热释放峰值(PHRR)比纯EVA下降了57.85%,总热释放(THR)下降了57.80%,屈服强度提高了408%,复合材料体积电阻率仍高达3.9×10^(15)Ω·cm。以上数据表明多层次结构APP@CNT协同Mg(OH)_(2)阻燃EVA复合材料(APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2))具有良好的火安全性能。In this paper,a hierarchical structure of carbon nanotube-encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate(APP@CNT)flame retardant was synthesized,and Mg(OH)_(2)was used in conjunction with nano-composite technology to prepare fire-safe wire and cable flame-retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA)composite material(APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2)).The structure and performance of flame-retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate composite materials were studied by using SEM,TGA,limiting oxygen index(LOI),vertical combustion(UL-94),microscale combustion colorimeter(MCC),universal stretching machine and high resistance meter.The results show that the residual carbon rate of EVA increases from 2.4%to 43.9%,the peak heat release decreases by 57.85%compared with pure EVA,the total heat release decreases by 57.80%,and the yield strength increases by 408%.At the same time,the volume resistivity of APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2)is still as high as 3.9×10^(15)Ω·cm,indicating that the EVA composite material after flame retardant treatment is still an ideal wire and cable material.In addition,the oxygen index of APP@CNT/EVA-Mg(OH)_(2)has reached 38%,and the vertical combustion UL-94 has also reached the V-0 level,which further illustrates the hierarchical structure of APP@CNT and magnesium hydroxide.Flame-retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate composite material has high fire safety performance.

关 键 词：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯 碳纳米管 多层次结构 阻燃 协效作用 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]