降解鸡毛真菌板蜡蚧的鉴定及产酶培养优化  

Identification of Chicken Feather Degradable Fungus Lecanicillium testudineum and Its Cultural Optimization of Keratinase Activity

作　　者：刘宇星 沈鑫 张芝元[1] 韩燕峰[1] 梁宗琦[1] LIU Yu-xing;SHEN Xin;ZHANG Zhi-yuan;HAN Yan-feng;LIANG Zong-qi(Inst.of Fungus Res.,Guizhou Uni.,Guiyang,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学真菌资源研究所,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2021年第6期50-57,共8页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020205003);国家自然科学基金项目(32060011);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目([2020]6005);科技部基础性工作专项项目(2013FY110400);贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]009)。

摘　　要：鉴定降解鸡毛真菌并通过单因素和正交实验优化其产角蛋白酶发酵培养条件。从加入鸡毛粉钓饵的医院花坛土中分离筛选获得3株角蛋白高效降解真菌,利用形态学和分子系统学鉴定均为板蜡蚧(Lecanicillium testudineum)。单因素实验表明,对优选菌株1Y2-12产酶能力具促进作用的碳源为乳糖,氮源为酵母膏,无机离子Zn^(2+)。正交实验结果表明,对菌株1Y2-12产酶活力的影响大小排序依次为氮源>无机离子>碳源;促酶活力最佳组合为氮源添加量为0.15%,碳源添加量为2%,无机离子添加量为0.01%。在此优化条件下,菌株1Y2-12的酶活力达22.03 U/mL,是未优化前的2.1倍。研究结果首次发现蜡蚧属真菌能较好降解鸡毛角蛋白,鉴定的3个菌株均为板蜡蚧,是中国新记录种。Chicken feather degradable fungi were identified and their fermentation conditions of the strains with high keratinase activity were optimized by single-factor and orthogonal experiments.Chicken feather powder was adopted to bait the keratin-degradable fungi from soil in a hospital parterre,three efficient keratin degradable fungal strains were isolated.The strains were all identified as Lecanicillium testudineum adopting morphology and molecular genealogy.Single factor experiment showed that C source that could promote enzyme producing ability of an optimized strain 1Y2-12 was lactose,N source was yeast extract,and inorganic ion was Zn^(2+).Orthogonal experiment showed that the affecting enzyme-producing activity of 1Y2-12 successively were N source>inorganic ion>C source;and the best combination to promote enzyme activity addition of N source was 0.15%,C source 2%,and inorganic ion 0.01%.Under this optimized conditions,the enzyme producing activity of strain 1Y2-12 reached up to 22.03 U/mL,2.1 times of that before optimized.The results of the study showed that the genus of Lecanicillium could degrade chicken feather keratin,and the three identified strains were new record to China.

关 键 词：角蛋白酶 蜡蚧属 板蜡蚧 菌种鉴定 发酵优化 新记录种 

分 类 号：Q93-331[生物学—微生物学]