低剖面可承载UHF/L双频共口径圆极化定向天线  

Low profile bearable UHF/L dual-band CP directional antenna in a shared aperture

作　　者：刘二伟 耿军平[1] 王堃[1] 程旭旭 任超凡[1] 杨思磊 韩家伟 卢敬正 苏达 张洋州 梁仙灵[1] 金荣洪[1] LIU Erwei;GENG Junping;WANG Kun;CHENG Xuxu;REN Chaofan;YANG Silei;HAN Jiawei;LU Jingzheng;SU Da;ZHANG Yangzhou;LIANG Xianling;JIN Ronghong(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2022年第1期113-120,共8页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61571289,61571298,61471240)。

摘　　要：机/车载多体制通信、测控、探测等多无线系统并存,天线林立,天线间耦合干扰严重,同时与高速机/车薄壁外壳共形的天线还需具有较强承载能力.本文设计了一种适于车壳共形的低剖面可承载双频共口径定向圆极化缝隙天线.天线主体采用开口缝隙的形式来实现天线的小型化和宽带设计,利用微带线来进行耦合馈电.通过在低频天线中心开槽嵌入高频天线,从而实现双频天线的共口径,并使用多馈法来实现圆极化.天线采用FR4介质填充,介质最大厚度为最低频率对应波长的5%.这种金属与介质的混合立体结构也大大增强了天线的承载能力.实测结果表明:在UHF波段,天线的阻抗带宽为75 MHz(0.303~0.378 GHz),轴比带宽为50 MHz(0.32~0.37 GHz);在L波段,天线的阻抗带宽为550 MHz(1.18~1.73 GHz),轴比带宽为420 MHz(1.10~1.52 GHz);在测试压力达到390 kg/cm2时,天线形变3%,天线依然能正常工作.实测结果与仿真结果基本一致.该天线具有低剖面、共口径、可承载、双频和圆极化的特点,为车载无线通信系统提供了一种新颖实用的共形天线结构,且其既可以与车壳共形,也可以嵌入车壳直接作为外壳使用.The airborne/vehicle multi-system communication, measurement and control, detection and other multi-wireless systems coexist, multiple antennas are scattered correspondingly, and the interference between the antennas are serious. Meanwhile, the airborne/vehicle conformal antenna needs to have strong carrying capacity. This paper designs a low profile bearable dual band CP directional slot antenna suitable for car shells in a shared aperture.The antenna body adopts the form of open slots to realize the miniaturization and broadband performance, and the microstrip line is used to feed the slot via the coupling. The shared aperture dual band antenna is realized by slotting and embedding high-frequency antenna in the low-frequency antenna. The circular polarization is realized by using the multi-feed method. The antenna is filled with substrate FR4, the maximum thickness of which is 5% of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency. This hybrid metallic and dielectric stereoscopic structure greatly enhances the carrying capacity of the antenna. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 75 MHz(0.303-0.378 GHz) and the axial ratio bandwidth is 50 MHz(0.32-0.37 GHz) in UHF band. In the L-band, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 550 MHz(1.18-1.73 GHz), and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 420 MHz(1.1-1.52 GHz). When the pressure reaches 390 kg/cm;, the antenna can still work normally with a deformation of 3%. The measured results are basically consistent with the simulation results. The antenna has the characteristics of low profile, shared aperture, dual band and circular polarization, which provides a novel and practical antenna structure for vehicle wireless communication system, and can be embedded in the vehicle shell as part of the shell.

关 键 词：低剖面承载共形天线 双频 共口径 圆极化 定向 缝隙天线 

分 类 号：TN82[电子电信—信息与通信工程]