论侵入住宅罪相关问题  

On the Related Issues of the Crime of House Invasion

作　　者：[日]桥爪隆[1] 王昭武(译) Hashizume Takashi

机构地区：[1]日本东京大学大学院法学政治学研究科 [2]云南大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2022年第1期177-189,共13页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：围绕侵入住宅罪之保护法益,存在居住权说与平稳说之间的对立。按照居住权说,“侵入”是违反住宅权人(管理权人)之意思的进入;按照平稳说,则应该根据是否侵害了住宅内的平稳来判断是否具有“侵入”之该当性。研究侵入住宅罪的前提性认识是:本罪在侵入行为的阶段即达到既遂,不应考虑行为人进入之后实施了何种行为;不管行为人出于何种目的进入,凡基于居住权人之有效承诺的,都不应成立本罪。作为本罪之法益侵害的内容,重要的不是违反了被害人的意思这一事实本身,而在于实质性地侵害了对住宅内部的支配或者管理。在基于错误的承诺的场合,学界有力观点主张,如果行为人对“让谁进入”存在认识,即便对其他事情陷入了错误,仍属于有效的承诺;在给予概括性承诺的场合,仅限于违反管理权人支配、管理该建筑物之重要条件的情形,概括性承诺才归于无效。Regarding the protection of the legal interests in the crime of house invasion,there is an opposition between the doctrine of the right of residence and the doctrine of order and stability.According to the doctrine of the right of residence,“house invasion”is the entry into someone's house that violates the meaning of the owner of the house(management right).According to the doctrine of order and stability,the determination of the illegality of the“entry”should be based on whether it has damaged the order and stability of the house.The prerequisite for studying the crime of residential trespassing is that this crime is completed at the stage of the trespassing behavior,and what kind of behavior the perpetrator performs after entering the house should not be considered.Regardless of the purpose of the perpetrator's entry,this crime should not be convicted of any entry which is based on the valid promise offered by the owner of the right of residence.As for the content of the infringement on the legal interests in this crime,what is important is not the fact that it has violated the victim's will itself,but that it has substantially violated the internal control or management of the house.In the case of false promise,the academics strongly believe that if the perpetrator has an understanding of“whom is allowed to enter the house”,even if he is wrong about other things,it is still a valid promise;in the case of giving a general promise,it is invalid only in the important condition where the owner's right to control and manage the building is violated.

关 键 词：侵入住宅罪 居住权说 平稳说 基于错误的承诺 概括性承诺 

分 类 号：D924.34[政治法律—刑法学]