国际组织语言权力博弈的非政治经济影响因素  

Exploring Non-Political and Non-Economic Factors in Infl uencing the Power Game of Language Policy in International Organizations

作　　者：张慧玉[1] 安雨晨 Zhang Huiyu;An Yuchen

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《语言战略研究》2022年第2期44-55,共12页Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“创业要素匹配视角下创业话语的形成过程与作用机制研究”(71872165);教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目“合法性视角下创业叙事的资源获取与绩效转化机制研究”(18YJC630241);国家语委一般科研项目“语言如何助力脱贫——基于语言经济学与资源基础观的实证研究”(YB135-95)。

摘　　要：已有研究指出,权力博弈是影响国际组织语言选择的关键因素,国家政治经济实力是影响这类权力博弈的首要因素,但影响该博弈的其他因素则有待挖掘。考察2019年《国际组织年鉴》中6694个国际组织的语言数据,对其中的国际组织联盟、全球性国际组织、洲际性国际组织和区域性国际组织的语言选择机制,尤其是各类组织中使用频率较高的非通用语言进行探究,结果显示,影响范围是塑造国际组织语言权力博弈的重要因素。国际组织影响范围越小,语言权力博弈越突出,越重视语言多样性;影响范围越大,出于维持运营需要,越难以顾及语言权力博弈。此外,不同区域国际组织对语言权力博弈的重视程度存在明显差异。同时,部分其他政治经济以外的因素影响着国际组织的语言权力博弈:特定民族组织中,民族语言的优势特别明显;成员(国)的行业或领域优势在专业类组织中构成重要的语言权力来源;而在针对特定群体的组织中,部分国家的弱势语言会受到特别关照。尽管这些因素对国际组织语言权力博弈的影响方式各异,但都在推动语言多样性的同时促进了语言实用价值与象征价值的统一。Existing literature shows that power plays a critical role in infl uencing the language policy of international organiza-tions(IOs)and that political-economic prowess of member states is the vital factor that decides power-language games.Howev-er,the infl uence from non-political-economic factors has been underexplored in international literature.In view of this,drawing upon data from 6694 IOs from The 2019 Yearbook of International Organizations and based on the type I classifi cation,the cur-rent study attempts to analyze the language choices of the sample organizations,with focus on languages that are not prevailing in the world but relatively frequently used by IOs.The fi ndings show that sphere of infl uence exerts impacts on the power-lan-guage game in two folds:whereas IOs with smaller infl uence tend to attach more importance to linguistic diversity,those with greater infl uence give priority to operational and communicative function;On the other hand,countries from diff erent regions exhibit diff erent attitudes towards linguistic diversity,and thus aff ect the power-language game in relevant IOs.Meanwhile,some other non-political-economic factors also infl uence such games:in IOs that are associated with particular nation-states,languages in these polities are adopted naturally;when it comes to professional IOs,languages of countries dominant in rele-vant fi elds or with active international participation would prevail;and in IOs that aim to help or aid some special groups,the languages in areas relevant to these groups of people would be selected.While such factors infl uence the power-language game in varying ways,they all contribute to linguistic diversity and integration of the symbolic and pragmatic value of language.

关 键 词：国际组织 语言政策 影响范围 非政治经济因素 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]