上海城市森林草本植物多样性的城乡分布格局  

The distribution pattern of herbaceous plant diversity in urban forests along an urban-rural gradient in Shanghai

作　　者：徐珊珊[1] 严靖[2] 彭志 张文文 王军馥[1] 张云飞[1] 韩玉洁 XU Shan-shan;YAN Jing;PENG Zhi;ZHANG Wen-wen;WANG Jun-fu;ZHANG Yun-fei;HAN Yu-jie(Shanghai Science&Technology Museum,Shanghai Natural History Museum,Natural History Research Center,Shanghai 200127,China;Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China;Shanghai Forestry Station,Shanghai 200072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海科技馆,上海自然博物馆,自然史研究中心,上海200127 [2]上海辰山植物园,上海201602 [3]上海市林业总站,上海200072

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第1期25-32,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800310);上海科技馆基础研究专项和上海科技馆学术团队建设项目资助。

摘　　要：林下草本植物是城市森林生物多样性重要的保育层,敏感度高,可塑性强,能有效反映城市植被对城市化的响应策略。本研究在上海市范围内沿中心城区—近郊—远郊的城乡梯度,共选取16块林地共398个样方,分析了上海市森林草本群落区系特征和多样性格局沿城乡梯度的变化规律。结果表明:上海城市森林生态系统中共有草本植物144种,隶属47科118属;多年生草本74种,占半数以上(51.39%);属和种分别涵盖18和12个分布区类型和亚型,以热带和温带成分为主;外来植物28种,占比接近20%;物种丰富度和群落多样性指数均沿中心城区—近郊—远郊梯度先下降后上升,近郊最低,远郊最高;中心城区物种构成与远郊相似,与近郊差异最大。本研究揭示了城市森林生态系统中草本植物的分布格局以及多样性沿城乡梯度的变化规律,为深入开展城市化与城市植被的互作研究提供了理论支撑,为管理部门制定相关政策提供了科学依据。Understory herbaceous plants are a major conservation layer for the biodiversity of urban forest ecosystems.Due to their high plasticity and sensitivity to disturbance,herbaceous plants can effectively indicate the adaptation strategy of urban vegetation to urbanization.In this study,we surveyed 398 plots in 16 sites of woodland located along a gradient of central city area,suburb area,and rural area in Shanghai,and analyzed the flora characteristics and diversity pattern of herbaceous plants in urban forests.A total of 144 herbaceous species were recorded,which belonged to 47 families and 118 genera.Among them,74 species of perennial herbs were recorded,contributing over half of the total species(51.39%).The distribution type of genus and species covered 18 and 12 geographical distribution types and subtypes,respectively,and most were temperate and tropic species.There were 28 alien species,accounting for almost 20%of the total.Both specie richness and diversity index of herbaceous plants were deceased firstly and then increased along the urban-rural gradient.Species composition in central city sharply contrasted to that in suburban sites,but was quite similar to that in rural sites.Our results clarified the distribution pattern and variation of the diversity of herbaceous plants along urban-rural gradient in Shanghai,and provide a theoretical basis for researches on the interaction between urbanization and urban forest and scientific reference for the management department to make policy.

关 键 词：城市森林 植物区系 草本植物多样性 城乡梯度 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]