亚热带森林林分更新对地表径流4种盐基离子浓度的影响  

Stand renewal effects on the concentrations of four base cations of surface runoff in subtropical forests

作　　者：王源 吴福忠 倪祥银 熊德成[1,2] 胥超 岳楷[1] WANG Yuan;WU Fu-zhong;NI Xiang-yin;XIONG De-cheng;XU Chao;YUE Kai(School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China;Sanming Research Station of Forest Ecosystem and Global Change,Sanming 365000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建师范大学湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007 [2]福建三明森林生态系统与全球变化研究站,福建三明365000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第1期159-165,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800373、31922052、31800521和32022056)资助。

摘　　要：地表径流不仅是水循环的重要组成部分,也是森林物质迁移的重要途径,其动态过程可能受林分更新的调控,目前仍缺乏必要的关注。通过对福建省三明市米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)次生林、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林、杉木人工幼林和米槠人工幼林近5年的定位观测,探讨林分更新对地表径流和所含4种盐基离子(Ca^(2+)、K^(+)、Na^(+)和Mg^(2+))浓度的影响。结果表明:米槠人工幼林的年均地表径流量为(306.3±48.40) m^(3)·hm^(-2),是米槠次生林的2.8倍和杉木人工林的3.3倍;杉木人工幼林地表径流Ca^(2+)、K^(+)、Na^(+)和Mg^(2+)的浓度为(17.89±0.61)、(16.58±1.06)、(4.18±0.05)和(1.19±0.21) mg·L^(-1),是米槠次生林的1.6、1.3、1.7和0.9倍;季节对地表径流盐基离子浓度具有显著影响,整体表现为离子浓度峰值几乎处于非生长季节;林分更新后人工幼林相较成熟林其地表径流总量明显增加,且盐基离子浓度显著提高。研究结果有助于加深亚热带森林林分更新对养分元素随地表径流迁移过程的认识,为森林经营及水土保育提供基础数据。Surface runoff is not only an important part of water cycling,but also a major pathway for the material fluxes in forests.Stand renewal may have significant effects on the dynamics of forest surface runoff,but this process still remains elusive.Based on a 5-year field observation in Castanopsis carlesii secondary forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation,Cunninghamia lanceolata young plantation and Castanopsis carlesii young plantation in subtropical region of Sanming,Fujian,we assessed how stand renewal affected surface runoff and the associated concentrations of four base cations(Ca^(2+),K^(+),Na^(+),and Mg^(2+)).The average annual surface runoff in C.carlesii young plantation was(306.3±48.40) m^(3)·hm^(-2),which was 2.8 and 3.3 times of that in C.carlesii secondary forest and C.lanceolata plantation,respectively.The concentrations of Ca^(2+),K^(+),Na^(+),and Mg^(2+) of surface runoff in C.lanceolata young plantation were(17.8±0.61),(16.58±1.06),(4.18±0.05),and(1.19±0.21) mg·L^(-1),which were 1.6,1.3,1.7 and 0.9 times of those in C.carlesii secondary forest.The concentrations of all base cations varied greatly over seasons,with a general pattern of peaking in non-growing seasons.These results indicated that the total amount of surface runoff and the concentrations of base cations of runoff in the young plantations were significantly higher than that of mature forests as well as after stand renewal.These findings will help to better understand the fluxes of nutrient elements along with surface runoff as affected by stand renewal in subtropical forests,and can provide basic data for forest management and soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：林分更新 亚热带 地表径流 盐基离子 生长季节 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]