东北温带森林20种乔木树种叶片干旱容忍性特征  

Drought tolerance traits of leaves of 20 tree species in temperate forest of Northeast China

作　　者：王乐乐 周正虎[1] 金鹰[1] 王传宽[1] WANG Le-le;ZHOU Zheng-hu;JIN Ying;WANG Chuan-kuan(Center for Ecological Research/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生态研究中心/森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第1期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31901278);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600201);国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程项目(2018QNRC001)资助。

摘　　要：全球范围内干旱频率和强度的增加严重影响树木生长,甚至导致森林大面积死亡。压力-容积(PV)曲线能够反映树木对干旱的容忍能力,但在局域尺度上尚未确定哪个PV曲线参数具有最优指示性。通过测定东北温带森林20种主要树种(包括16种被子植物和4种裸子植物)的PV曲线性状,包括质壁分离时的相对含水量(RWC_(tlp))、失膨点叶水势(TLP)、饱和含水时的叶渗透势(π_(0))、细胞弹性模量(ε)、叶水容(C_(leaf))及叶结构性状(比叶面积和叶密度),研究局域尺度上叶片耐旱性的最佳指示性状,并分析叶片PV性状与结构性状间的相关性。结果表明:被子植物的RWC_(tlp )显著大于裸子植物,但其C_(leaf )显著小于裸子植物,这表明用RWC_(tlp)和C_(leaf)可以指示东北温带森林不同功能型树种间耐旱性的大小。在被子植物中,TLP和π_(0)与叶密度呈显著负相关,且均与比叶面积呈显著正相关;而ε与比叶面积呈显著负相关。然而,裸子植物PV曲线性状与叶结构性状之间呈现与被子植物完全相反的趋势。裸子植物与被子植物树种之间PV曲线性状与叶结构性状关系的差异,可能归因于二者采取不同的干旱响应和适应策略。The increases in frequency and intensity of drought worldwide has seriously affected tree growth,and even led to widespread forest mortality.Leaf traits estimated from pressure-volume(PV) curve provide key leaf physiological information that reflects the drought tolerance of trees.However,it is uncertain that which PV parameter performs the best at local scale.Here,we measured five PV traits(including TLP,π_(0),ε,C_(leaf),and RWC_(tlp)) and two leaf structural traits(specific leaf area and leaf density) in 20 tree species(16 angiosperms and 4 gymnosperms) in a temperate mixed forest at the Maoershan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Northeast China.The objectives of this study were to search the best indicators of leaf drought tolerance at local scale,and to explore the correlation between PV traits and leaf structural traits.We found that angiosperms had significantly greater RWC_(tlp) and lower C_(leaf) than gymnosperms,indicating that RWC_(tlp) and C_(leaf) might be the good indicators of leaf drought tolerance in temperate mixed forest in Northeast China.Within angiosperm species,TLP and π_(0) were significantly and negatively correlated with leaf density,but positively correlated with specific leaf area;while ε was negatively correlated with specific leaf area.However,the opposite trends between PV traits and leaf structural traits were observed between gymnosperms and angiosperms,which might be attributed to their differences in drought response and adaptation strategies.

关 键 词：压力-容积曲线 耐旱性 叶水力性状 膨压损失点 温带森林 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]