高强度星型水性聚氨酯胶膜的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and property of star-shaped waterborne polyurethane film with high tensile strength

作　　者：党海春 伍伟玲 吕嘉敏 许召赞 Dang Haichun;Wu Weiling;Lv Jiamin;Xu Zhaozan(Department of Materials Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008;Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006)

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院材料工程系,太原030008 [2]山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2022年第1期108-112,共5页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划-青年科技研究基金(201901D211456);山西省高校科技创新基金(2019L0927);山西省“1331工程”重点学科和协同创新中心建设计划经费资助。

摘　　要：以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、聚氧化丙烯三元醇(PPG-3)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为原料,采用预聚体法制备了星型水性聚氨酯(SWPU)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和核磁共振氢谱仪验证了SWPU的合成。凝胶渗透色谱测试结果表明:PPG-3的加入提高了SWPU的相对分子质量;随着PPG-3含量的增加,SWPU胶膜的接触角增大,耐水性和力学性能显著提高。当PPG-3含量为3%(摩尔分数)时,SWPU数均分子量为4440g/mol,具有优异的稳定性,制备的胶膜综合性能最佳,其接触角为64.1°,吸水率为10.3%,拉伸强度为52.7MPa,断裂伸长率为444%。通过热重分析仪和动态热机械分析仪测试胶膜的热性能,结果表明PPG-3的加入有利于提高SWPU的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度。Star-shaped waterborne polyurethane(SWPU) was synthesized by prepolymer method from isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),polytetrahydrofuran(PTMG),poly-propylene glycerol(PPG-3),1,4-butanediol(BDO) and 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid(DMPA).The structure of SWPU was characterized by FT-IR and ^(1)H-NMR spectra.SWPU showed higher number-average molecular weight and weight-average molecular weight.With the increase in PPG-3 content,the water resistance and mechanical properties of WPU film were improved.When PPG-3 content was 3%(mole fraction),the number-average molecular weight of SWPU was 4440 g/mol,the emulsion was stable and the obtained film showed the highest tensile strength(52.7 MPa) and elongation at break(444%).Its water contact was 64.1° and water absorption rate was 10.3%.Moreover,the introduction of PPG-3 helped to improve the thermal stability and glass-transition temperature.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 聚氧化丙烯三元醇 星型聚合物 高强度 耐水性 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]