论《资本论》对资产阶级经济学的批判及其现实指导价值  

Discussion On Das Kapital's Critique of Bourgeois Economics and Its Realistic Guiding Value

作　　者：何干强[1,2] He Ganqiang

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学经济学院,南京210023 [2]中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院,北京100732

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2022年第2期22-51,F0003,共31页Contemporary Economic Research

摘　　要：《资本论》的内容始终包含着与资产阶级经济思想体系的彻底决裂和对它们的深刻批判。它用唯物史观揭示资产阶级经济学的历史演变过程,科学评价资产阶级古典经济学在经济思想发展史上的贡献及其在科学,上的局限性,深刻批判资产阶级庸俗经济学的非科学性,尤其重视批判资产阶级经济学五大“教条”的弊病,还指出了落后的资本主义国家资产阶级经济学的特点;研究《资本论》对资产阶级经济学批判的路径,有助于理解马克思对资产阶级经济学批判的系统性和深刻性。《资本论》揭示了资产阶级经济学在方法论上的特点,即:认识经济形式的主观性,认识经济现象的直观性、表面性,思维方法的片面性,掩盖经济本质的虚伪性,歪曲真相的欺骗性,维护资产阶级利益的辩护性。《资本论》对资产阶级经济学家犯错误主观原因和客观原因进行了深刻分析。我们应当用《资本论》指导批判现代资产阶级经济学,深刻认识现代资产阶级经济学属于庸俗经济学,有重点地批判误导改革开放的现代资产阶级经济学流派。The contents of Das Kapital always contain a complete break with the bourgeois economic ideologies and a profound criticism of them.By using historical materialism to reveal the historical evolution of bourgeois economics,Das Kapital has scientifically evaluated the cont1ibution of bourgeois classical economics in the history of economic thought development and scientific limitations of it,and profoundly criticized the unscientific nature of bourgeois vulgar economics.It has especially paid attention to criticizing the malpractice of the five"dogmas"of bourgeois economics,and it pointed out the characteristics of bourgeois economics in backward capitalist countries.Studying the path of Das Kapital criticizing bourgeois economics is conducive to understanding Marx's systematic and profound critique of bourgeois economics.Das Kapital has revealed the characteristics of bourgeois economics in terms of methodology,including the subjectivity of understanding economic forms,the intuitiveness and superficiality of understanding economic phenomena,the one-sidedness of thinking methods,the hypoc1isy of covering up the essence of the economy,the fraudulence of distorting the truth,and the defensiveness of safeguarding the interests of the bourgeoisie.Das Kapital has profoundly analyzed the subjective and objective reasons for the mistakes made by bourgeois economists.We should use Das Kap ital to guide and criticize modern bourgeois economics,profoundly understand that modem bourgeois economics belongs to vulgar economics,and especially criticize the school of modern bourgeois economics that misguides reform and opening up.

关 键 词：《资本论》 资产阶级经济学 马克思的批判 唯物史观 

分 类 号：F041.2[经济管理—政治经济学]