樟树人工林树干茎流中无机阴离子变化特征研究  

Water Inorganic Anions Profiles in Stemflow of Cinnamomum camphora:Variation Characteristics

作　　者：欧阳泽怡 欧阳硕龙[3] 廖菊阳 李巧云 刘艳 欧阳翠兰 吴林世 易浩宇 OUYANG Zeyi;OUYANG Shuolong;LIAO Juyang;LI Qiaoyun;LIU Yan;OUYANG Cuilan;WU Linshi;YI Haoyu(Hunan Botanical Garden,Changsha 410116;Hunan Chang-zhu-tan City Cluster National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem,Changsha 410116;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004;Forestry Bureau of Yueyang County,Yueyang,Hunan 414100)

机构地区：[1]湖南省植物园,长沙410116 [2]湖南长株潭城市群森林生态系统定位观测研究站,长沙410116 [3]湖南省林业科学院,长沙410004 [4]湖南省岳阳县林业局,湖南岳阳414100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第1期15-22,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新项目“湖湘地区森林景观构建及其精准提升技术研究”(XLK201942);湖南省重点领域研发计划“湖南特色观赏树种高效栽培关键技术研究与集成示范”(2021NK2009)。

摘　　要：为探讨酸雨在城市森林生态系统中的变化规律,对长沙地区城市森林大气降水及樟树树干茎流中SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)、Cl^(-)、NO_(2)^(-)、F^(-)等5种水溶性无机阴离子进行定位监测。结果表明,大气降水中主要的阴离子为SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-),占总阴离子含量的84.36%,pH 4.87,属典型的硫酸和硝酸混合型酸雨;树干茎流中主要的阴离子也为SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-),占总阴离子含量的90.49%~91.42%,当量比为2.32~2.61;各径级树干茎流中无机阴离子淋溶系数均大于1,变化幅度为1.04~11.41,呈现不同程度的富集效应;从月变化情况看,树干茎流最不稳定的无机阴离子是NO_(2)^(-),其径级变异系数均值达到0.49,最稳定的是F^(-),其各径级变异系数均值为0.24;除NO_(2)^(-)稍有不同外,其他4种阴离子的变异系数均随着径级的增大而减小,即径级越大阴离子含量变化越稳定;SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)、Cl^(-)、F^(-)含量大小按径级排序均为d1(8~10 cm)>d2(16~18 cm)>d3(24~26 cm)>d4(32~34 cm),而NO_(2)^(-)含量大小按径级排序分别为d1>d4>d2>d3;各径级SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)、Cl^(-)、F^(-)含量与降水量呈显著性负相关,说明降水量越大无机阴离子越有减少趋势;但无机阴离子含量在树干茎流与大气降水之间相关性不显著,表明树干茎流中无机阴离子更多地来自于酸性物质的干沉降作用,因此,樟树树干树皮对酸性物质干沉降具有良好的吸附效能,能够产生净化大气、缓解酸雨的功效。To explore the change rule of acid rain in urban forest ecosystem,this research investigates SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-),Cl-,NO_(2)^(-),F^(-) in both the rainwater and the stemflow of Cinnamomum camphora forest ecosystem in Changsha.The results showed that SO_(4)^(2-) and NO_(3)^(-) were the major inorganic anions in rainwater and stemflow,which accounted for 84.36%and 90.49%-91.42%of total anion contents in the rainwater and stemflow,respectively.The ratio of SO_(4)^(2-)/NO_(3)^(-) was 1.14 and 2.32-2.61 in rainwater and stemflow,respectively.The pH value of rainwater averaged 4.87 in the study area,which indicated that the rainwater was a sulfuric-nitric mixed acid rain.The leaching coefficient of each inorganic anion in stemflow of different diameter at breast height(DBH)class ranged from 1.04 to 11.41,indicating different enrichment effects.The monthly variations of each inorganic anion showed that NO_(2)^(-)was the most unstable one and its variable coefficient was 0.49,while F^(-)was the most stable inorganic anion,with the variation coefficient of F^(-)at all DBH classes was 0.24.Except NO_(2)^(-),the variation coefficient of the other 4 anions decreased with the DBH class increase,i.e.The larger the diameter,the more stable the anion content was.The contents of SO_(4)^(2-),NO3,Cl-and F^(-)of different DBH class were all in the order of d1(8-10 cm)>d2(16-18 cm)>d3(24-26 cm)>d4(32-34 cm),while for NO_(2)^(-),the order was:d1>d4>d2>d3.The contents of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-),Cl-,NO_(2)^(-),F^(-)at all DBH class showed significantly negative correlation with the precipitation,indicating that the greater the rainfall amount,the greater the decrease trend of the inorganic anion was.However,there was no significant correlation between the inorganic anion content in the stem flow and the inorganic anion content in atmospheric precipitation,showing that the inorganic anions in stemflow mainly came from dry disposition of acidoids.Therefore,the bark of Cinnamomum camphora can adsorb acid materials in air,and has positive

关 键 词：樟树 无机阴离子 树干茎流 树干径级 富集效应 

分 类 号：S718.557[农业科学—林学]