拜登美国的头号盟国:日本对华新态势  

The Most Important Ally in for the United States under the Biden Administration:Japan’s New Approach toward China

作　　者：时殷弘[1,2] Shi Yinhong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院 [2]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《日本学刊》2021年第6期27-44,168,169,172,共21页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：拜登治下美国的头号盟国是日本。在中国崛起和奋进的根本形势下,日本前首相安倍晋三和美国前总统特朗普奠基了日美针对中国的超特殊关系,继任首相菅义伟和现任总统拜登将其进一步显著提升。菅义伟内阁时期,随着拜登政府近乎马不停蹄地强化和升级对中国的戒备、威胁、围堵和反推,日本在战略军事阵线上对美予以最密切配合,甚或有过之而无不及。在台湾问题上,日本已严重冲击甚而毁伤作为中日关系政治基础的底线,正在将台海两岸间爆发战争情况下伙同美国做大规模联合武装干涉形成为一项基本国策;在钓鱼岛问题上,与拜登反复强调美日安保条约第五条适用于钓鱼岛相应,日本反复表示反对中国单方面改变东海现状,还积极地与美国一起就东海问题采取更周全和更细致的联合军事行动,且显著扩大军事合作范围;在印太四边机制主要由拜登政府驱动且加速推进扩展之际,日本非常积极地参与助力,甚至发挥引领作用。与此同时,日本政府尚存对华审慎,以便维持有利可图的对华贸易,并将其与多年来形成的政策传统相呼应,即通过现存双边或多边对话机制来寻求问题的解决。中日关系已进入一个特征鲜明的、以战略军事对抗为首要性质的历史新阶段。Japan is the most important ally for the United States under the Joe Biden administration.In the context of China’s dramatic rise,the former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and the former U.S.President Donald Trump laid foundation for a Japan-U.S.super-special partnership in containing against China,while Abe’s successor Yoshihide Suga and that of Trump Joe Biden had further improved it remarkably.During the period of the Suga administration,as the Biden Administration had constantly strengthened precautions and containment and rollbacks against China,Japan provided its closest cooperation with U.S.at the strategic and military fronts.On the Taiwan Question,Japan has severely damaged the bottom-line of the political relationship with China,and developed a fundamental national policy to launch a large scale military intervention in the possible breakout of warfare across the Taiwan Strait.Over the disputes over Diaoyu Islands and East China Sea,accompanying with repeated declarations from Biden of the applicability of the article 5;of the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty to the Diaoyu Island issue,the Japanese government has frequently declared its opposition against China’s unilateral efforts to change the status quo in East China Sea,and it has been very active in promoting the Biden-led Indo-Pacific coalition of QUAD mainly targeting on China,even playing some leading role at times.Meanwhile,Japan still have a degree of prudence toward relations with China,trying to maintain Japan’s profitable trade with China and keep compatible with the Japanese traditional policy for many years to use at large the existing bilateral and multilateral inter-state institutions to search for solving or mitigating some controversies with China.The statements and practices of the newly emerged Kishida Cabinet have proved that all the above remain intact.The China-Japan relations have entered into a distinctive new historical phase,with strategic-military confrontation and rivalry as its number one feature.

关 键 词：拜登政府 菅义伟内阁 日美关系 日本对华态势 台湾问题 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]