Exocyst复合体的结构与功能研究进展  

Advances in understanding the structure and function of the exocyst complex

作　　者：刘义蓉 李明桃 尤晓玉 纪秋爽 梅坤荣 LIU Yi Rong;LI MingTao;YOU XiaoYu;JI QiuShuang;MEI KunRong(School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学药物科学与技术学院,天津300072

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第1期95-106,共12页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(批准号:91954112);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:31900501)资助。

摘　　要：囊泡运输是真核细胞内细胞器间物质交流的重要手段,主要包括出芽、转运、拴系及膜融合四个环节.拴系因子调控运输囊泡与靶膜的初始接触,建立两者间的连接,并能够促进SNARE介导的膜融合过程. Exocyst是一个保守的八亚基拴系复合体,主要在胞吐过程中介导囊泡与细胞质膜的拴系过程.本文主要介绍exocyst复合体的结构和组装机制, exocyst复合体发挥拴系功能和促进SNARE介导膜融合过程的分子机制,并阐述exocyst复合体的几种主要细胞功能,为了解exocyst复合体的结构功能及其研究进展提供参考.Vesicle trafficking mediates material exchange between organelles in eukaryotic cells. The four major steps of the process are: vesicle budding, transportation, tethering, and membrane fusion. Tethering proteins regulate the initial contact between transport vesicles and target membranes to establish a connection between them, which facilitates SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The exocyst is a conserved octameric complex that mediates the tethering of post-Golgi vesicles to the plasma membrane during exocytosis. Here we describe current knowledge on the structure and assembly mechanism of the exocyst complex, discuss the molecular mechanism underlying vesicle tethering and regulation of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion, and summarize its major cellular functions,aiming to help understanding of this complex.

关 键 词：囊泡运输 囊泡拴系 膜融合 拴系因子 exocyst复合体 SNARE 

分 类 号：Q25[生物学—细胞生物学]