细胞骨架系统调控分泌囊泡与质膜互作的研究进展  

Advances in the study of cytoskeleton system regulating interactions between secretory vesicles and plasma membrane

作　　者：张凡凡 赵玉婉 王婷 任海云[1,2] ZHANG FanFan;ZHAO YuWan;WANG Ting;REN HaiYun(Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education,College of Life Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Center for Biological Science and Technology,Institute of Natural Science,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院,细胞增殖与调控生物学教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学珠海校区自然科学高等研究院,生物科技研究中心,珠海519085

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第1期107-120,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:91854206)资助。

摘　　要：胞吐作用是真核生物最基本的细胞活动之一,广泛参与了有机体内的多种生理过程.Exocyst复合体介导的分泌囊泡在质膜的定向栓系以及SNARE(soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor)蛋白介导的分泌囊泡与质膜的融合过程是胞吐作用的关键步骤,有众多调控因子参与其中.已有的研究表明,细胞骨架的时空动态分布与分泌囊泡在质膜的栓系和融合具有紧密的互作调控关系:一方面,细胞骨架为分泌囊泡在质膜的栓系和融合提供了重要的动力来源;另一方面,栓系和融合相关的调节因子也可以影响细胞骨架的动态结构.深入探究真核细胞中细胞骨架在分泌囊泡与质膜栓系和融合过程中的作用和调控机理,对于理解包括胞吐作用在内的各种细胞生理活动具有重要的科学意义.本文对分泌囊泡在质膜栓系和融合的动态过程进行了系统性的综述,并着重关注了细胞骨架在这两个过程中的调控作用.Exocytosis is one of the most basic cell activities of eukaryotes, which is widely involved in many physiological processes in organisms. The Exocyst complex-mediated directed tethering of secretory vesicles to plasma membrane and the SNARE(Soluble Nethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) protein-mediated fusion process are key steps in exocytosis, and there are numerous regulatory factors involved. Previous studies have shown that the dynamic spatial distribution of cytoskeleton is closely interacted with the tethering and fusion of secretory vesicles with plasma membrane: on the one hand, cytoskeleton provides driving forces for the tethering and fusion of secretory vesicles with plasma membrane;on the other hand, tethering and fusion related regulators can also influence the dynamic of cytoskeleton. It is of great scientific significance to explore the important role and regulation mechanism of cytoskeleton in the tethering and fusion process of secretory vesicles to plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells for the deep cognition of various physiological activities of cells including exocytosis. In this paper, we have systematically reviewed the dynamic processes of the tethering and fusion of secretory vesicles with plasma membrane and emphasized the role of cytoskeleton in these two processes.

关 键 词：细胞骨架 分泌囊泡 质膜 Exocyst复合体 SNARE复合体 

分 类 号：Q25[生物学—细胞生物学]