2013—2018年太原市手足口病流行特征及病原学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and etiology of hand,foot and mouth disease in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province,China from 2013 to 2018

作　　者：柴向琪 王骥涛[2] 高瑞红[2] 姚红[1] CHAI Xiang-qi;WANG Ji-tao;GAO Rui-hong;YAO Hong(Department of Microbiology and Immunology,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学微生物与免疫学教研室,山西太原030001 [2]太原市疾病预防控制中心,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2022年第1期74-78,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：山西省卫生厅科学技术攻关项目(201302026)。

摘　　要：目的分析2013—2018年太原市手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)流行及病原学特征,为HFMD的防控提供科学依据。方法用Excel 2003及SaTScan 9.4.1软件对太原市2013—2018年HFMD病例资料分别进行统计描述及时空聚集性分析,采用RT-PCR对部分HFMD患者咽拭子样本进行病原检测。结果2013—2018年太原市共报告HFMD病例32686例,平均年发病率为126.93/10万,其中重症病例报告3例。其发病高峰在5—8月份;发病人群多见于1~5岁儿童,男女发病率之比为1.37∶1,且高发人群为散居儿童和幼托儿童。发病率排在前3的县区为晋源区(196.30/10万)、小店区(181.81/10万)及阳曲县(170.39/10万)。HFMD有统计学意义的时空聚集区分为两级,其中一级聚集区3个,二级聚集区4个(LLR分别为4021.9和1348.3,P均<0.01)。2014年以柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsackievirus A 16,CVA16)及肠道病毒71型(enterovirus,EV71)为共同优势病原,2015年以CVA16和其他肠道病毒(非EV71、CVA16型)为共同优势病原,其他年份以其他肠道病毒为优势病原。结论太原市HFMD的发病存在时空聚集性,应在高发时间,高发地区,针对高发人群进行重点防控,且应增加其他肠道病毒的分型监测。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province,China from 2013 to 2018 and provide a scientific evidence for prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Excel and SaTScan software(version 9.4.1)were used for the statistical description and analysis of spatial and temporal aggregations of data on cases of HFMD in Taiyuan from 2013 to 2018.The pathogens in swabs of partial patients with HFMD were determined by RT-PCR.Results From 2013 to 2018,a total of 32686 cases of HFMD,including 3 cases of severe HFMD,were reported in Taiyuan,of which the mean annual incidence rate was 126.93/100000.The peak incidence appeared from May to August.Most of the cases occurred in the children at ages of 1~5 years,in which the ratio of male to female was 1.37∶1.Scattered children and kindergarteners accounted the largest proportion of the patients.The districts(counties)in which the incidence rate ranked the top three were Jinyuan District(196.30/100000),Xiaodian District(181.81/100000)and Yangqu County(170.39/100000).Seven areas with spatial and temporal aggregations of cases of HFMD were found,including three aggregation areas of level 1 and four aggregation areas of level 2(the LLRs were 4021.9 and 1348.3 respectively,each P<0.01).The prominent pathogens were CVA16 and EV71 in 2014,CVA16 and other enteroviruses in 2015 and other enteroviruses in the other years.Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Taiyuan showed temporal and spatial aggregations.The prevention and control of the disease should be paid more attention in the population,area and time with high incidence,and the monitor of enteroviruses of other types should be strengthened.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原学 时空扫描 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]