基于模型的载人登月飞船系统设计应用探讨  

Discussion on Model Based Design and Application of Manned Lunar Spacecraft System

作　　者：彭坤 袁文强 黄震 马晓兵 郝平[1] PENG Kun;YUAN Wenqiang;HUANG Zhen;MA Xiaobing;HAO Ping(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]杭州电子科技大学,杭州310058

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第1期1-9,共9页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：中国空间技术研究院MBSE专项课题(505-0219-000000-074)。

摘　　要：针对载人航天任务设计难度大幅增大和技术状态倍增的问题,采用基于模型的系统工程方法对载人登月飞船系统进行正向设计和应用研究。首先,按照基于模型的系统工程设计思路,从利益相关方和核心业务目标出发,逐项分解出任务需求;通过功能分析对问题域的功能点进行定义,形成系统需求;根据系统需求和飞行器通用功能将功能要求落实到系统组成和内部结构中,定义系统的逻辑结构。其次,利用行为图来开展载人飞船地月转移段飞行方案建模和动态逻辑仿真工作,实时显示登月飞行器的组合体状态及相互间的信号传递。最后,利用MagicDraw平台集成Matlab软件开展了变轨速度增量和推进剂消耗等总体参数设计与轨道设计性能仿真的联合设计工作,实现总体方案的快速迭代,同时利用活动图建立4种登月飞行模式并开展飞行模式的多方案权衡建模。整个载人登月飞船正向设计过程按照需求、架构、行为和参数仿真4个方面进行了基于模型的系统工程方法应用的初步探讨,为后续载人登月飞行器的基于模型的系统工程应用提供参考。Considering the increased design difficulty and the multiplication of technical states in manned space missions,a model-based system engineering method was proposed to carry out forward design and application research on manned Lunar spacecraft system.Firstly,according to the MBSE(Model-Based System Engineering)design ideas,the task requirements were decomposed item by item starting from stakeholders and core business goals;the function points of the problem domain were defined through functional analysis to form system requirements;and according to the system requirements and the spacecraft general functions,the functional requirements were implemented into the system composition and internal structure,and the logical structure of the system was defined.Secondly,the behavior diagram was used to carry out the modeling and dynamic logic simulation of the flight scheme of the manned spacecraft's Earth-to-Moon transfer section,and the realtime display of the combined state of the manned Lunar landing vehicle system as well as the signal transmission between them were provided.Finally,the MagicDraw platform was integrated with Matlab to carry out the joint design of the overall parameters of the orbit transfer velocity increment and propellant consumption as well as the orbit design performance simulation,thus the rapid iteration of the overall scheme was realized.At the same time,four kinds of lunar landing flight modes were established using the activity diagram to model and carry out multi-scheme trade-off modeling of flight modes.The application of model-based system engineering methods to the entire forward design process of manned lunar spacecraft in accordance with requirements,architecture,behavior and parameter simulation was preliminarily discussed.It may provide a good reference for the subsequent application of model-based systems engineering in manned lunar spacecraft.

关 键 词：基于模型的系统工程 载人登月 需求分析 飞行方案仿真 多方案权衡 参数仿真 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]