纳入拘束效应的含缺陷航天压力容器安全评定  

Safety Assessment Incorporating Constraint Effect for Aerospace Pressure Vessels with Defects

作　　者：范凯 黄立钠 邱中华 乔艳伟 FAN Kai;HUANG Lina;QIU Zhonghua;QIAO Yanwei(Shanghai 1nstitute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;Shanghai Engineering Center of Space Engine,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112 [2]上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海201112

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第1期90-96,共7页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：针对目前无法有效评价含缺陷航天压力容器结构完整性的问题,基于裂纹驱动力法,提出了一种纳入拘束效应的安全评定方法。构建了推进剂贮箱材料5A06铝合金的拘束相关的J_(R)曲线,采用高拘束试样J_(R)曲线和实际结构拘束相关的J_(R)曲线对裂纹缺陷进行了评定,并对最大预期载荷下的临界裂纹尺寸进行了预测。结果表明:采用考虑实际结构拘束水平的安全评定方法可得到较为准确的评定结果,同时可针对特定载荷下的临界裂纹尺寸进行准确预测。此外,可通过试验方法得到J_(R)曲线,进一步纳入加工缺陷、材料性能散差和焊接残余应力等因素的影响,其评定结果更为合理和准确。The structural integrity of aerospace pressure vessels with defects cannot be evaluated effectively at present.Based on the crack driving force method,the method for safety assessment of aerospace pressure vessels with defects was proposed.The constraint-dependent J_(R) curves of the tank material 5A06 aluminum alloy were constructed.The J_(R) curve of high-constraint specimen and the constraint-dependent J_(R) curve of the actual tank structure were used to evaluate the crack defects.The critical crack size of the tank under the maximum expected load was predicted.The results showed that the safety assessment considering the actual structure constraint level could obtain more accurate assessment results,and could accurately predict the critical crack size under specific load.In addition,the J_(R) curve could be obtained by the experiment.The evaluation results are more reasonable and accurate when the factors such as machining defects,material property scatter difference and welding residual stress are taken into account.

关 键 词：拘束 安全评定 缺陷 航天压力容器 

分 类 号：TH142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O346.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]