黄土地基抗震处理技术研究进展与展望  

Review on Seismic Reinforcement of Loess Foundation

作　　者：王谦[1,2,3] 刘钊钊 王兰民[1,2,3] 钟秀梅[1,2] 苏永奇[2] 马海萍 WANG Qian;LIU Zhaozhao;WANG Lanmin;ZHONG Xiumei;SU Yongqi;MA Haiping(Key Laboratory of Loess Earthquake Engineering,China Earthquake Adiministration(CEA),Lanzhou 730000,China;Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,China Earthquake Adiministration(CEA),Lanzhou 730000,China;China Earthquake Adiministration(CEA)College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局黄土地震工程重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国地震局兰州地震研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州大学土木工程与力学学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2021年第6期1366-1381,共16页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：地震科技星火计划项目(XH20057);国家自然科学基金项目(51778590);兰州市科技计划项目(2018-1-123);中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务经费项目(2018IESLZ06,2016IESLZ01)资助。

摘　　要：通过对国内外黄土地基抗震处理技术研究历史和现状的介绍,分析不同黄土地基抗震处理方法的物理化学机制及其研究的主要不足,并根据地基处理研究的最新进展,结合黄土地基抗震设计的任务需求,探讨未来黄土地基抗震处理技术的研究方向。通过对现有研究和相关领域前沿性科学问题的总结发现:(1)不同黄土地基抗震处理方法的内在机制均主要针对黄土内的架空孔隙和弱胶结等特殊不良结构,通过增加土体密实度和土骨架结构强度,提高地基的抗震性能;(2)现有黄土地基抗震改良方法中,针对强夯法、挤密桩法的研究和应用较为完备,而在黄土地基设计中防灾目标的统一性、复杂应力及外营力条件下改良黄土的动力特性、新型环保加固材料在黄土地基抗震处理中的应用、黄土地基抗震处理技术的标准化等方面存在较大不足;(3)微生物环保固化技术在黄土地基抗震处理中的应用、改良黄土地基地震动效应特征及动力条件下的土-结相互作用、基于性能的黄土地基抗震处理技术及其标准化应是今后黄土地基抗震处理领域可能取得突破的研究方向。Seismic reinforcement of loess foundation is one of the frontier subjects in loess dynamics.Based on the review on seismic reinforcement of loess foundation,the physical and chemical mechanisms of different methods for seismic reinforcement of loess foundation are summarized. The main shortcomings of existing research are analyzed. According to the up-to-date research of foundation treatment and considering the demand of seismic reinforcement of loess foundation,the main directions of possible breakthroughs in the future of seismic reinforcement of loess foundation are discussed.The existing results show that the mechanism of different methods of seismic reinforcement of loess foundation is mainly aimed at the special structures of the soil such as overhead pores and weak cementation. The seismic performance of loess foundation is improved by increasing the compactness of soil and the structural strength of the soil skeleton. Among the existing methods for seismic reinforcement of loess foundation,the researches and applications of dynamic compaction and compaction pile are relatively complete. However,more problems in seismic reinforcement of loess foundation are still expected to be answered,such as the unity of disaster prevention target in loess foundation design,the dynamic characteristics of reinforced loess under the condition of complex stress and external forces,the application of new environmental protection reinforcement materials and the standardization of seismic reinforcement of loess foundation. In the future,research directions,which may be broken through in seismic reinforcement of loess foundation,include the application of bio-environmental protection solidification technology,seismic responses and soil-structure interaction under dynamic conditions,and performance-based seismic design and standardization.

关 键 词：黄土 地基处理 黄土地震灾害 动力特性 灾害防治 

分 类 号：TU444[建筑科学—岩土工程]