N95口罩长时间佩戴致面部压力性损伤的原因及防治对策  

Causes and prevention measures of facial pressure sores caused by long-term wearing of N95 mask

作　　者：张宇琼 高秋 Zhang Yuqiong;Gao Qiu(Cadre Ward 2,General Hospital of the Northern Theater of the PLA,Shenyang 110840,China;Traditional Chinese Medicine Department,General Hospital of the Northern Theater of the PLA,Shenyang 110840,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军北部战区总医院干部病房二科,沈阳110840 [2]中国人民解放军北部战区总医院中医科,沈阳110840

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2022年第1期10-13,共4页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的探究N95口罩长时间佩戴致面部压力性损伤(压疮)的病因分析及防治对策。方法选取2020年2月1日至2020年3月31日2400例长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员为研究对象,按照是否出现面部压疮将所有医护人员分为两组,观察组出现面部压疮,共1521例,对照组未出现面部压疮,共879例,使用多因素Logisitic回归分析探究长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素,使用清洁皮肤、面部治疗以及抗感染治疗对观察组医护人员进行治疗护理,探究防治对策的效果。结果观察组佩戴口罩超过8 h共1452例(95.46%),尺寸不合适共1243例(81.72%),无法及时补水共1109例(72.91%),面部易出汗共894例(58.78%),承受明显剪切力和摩擦力共776例(51.02%);对照组佩戴口罩超过8 h共507例(57.68%),尺寸不合适共219例(24.91%),无法及时补水共301例(34.24%),面部易出汗共119例(13.54%),承受明显剪切力和摩擦力共137例(15.59%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logisitic回归分析结果显示,BMI高、糖尿病、长时间佩戴口罩、承受明显剪切力和摩擦力、面部皮肤潮湿、尺寸不合适、缺水是长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素。观察组医护人员经治疗后面部压疮治愈共1403例,治愈率为92.24%。结论BMI高、糖尿病、长时间佩戴引起的皮肤受压、局部皮肤承受的剪切力和摩擦力影响、面部皮肤潮湿、尺寸不合适、缺水是引起长时间佩戴N95口罩医护人员发生面部压疮的危险因素,临床上可以采取清洁皮肤、面部治疗以及抗感染治疗进行治疗,并通过清洁皮肤、定期检查和评估皮肤、滋润护理皮肤、选择合适尺寸的口罩以及预防性使用敷料进行预防。Objective To explore the etiology and prevention measures of facial pressure sores caused by long-term wearing of N95 masks.Methods A total of 2400 cases of medical staff who wear N95 masks for a long time from February 1,2020 to March 31,2020 were selected as the research object.All medical staff were divided into two groups according to whether there was facial pressure ulcers.There were 1521 cases of facial pressure ulcers in the observation group,and 879 cases of no facial pressure ulcers in the control group.Multivariate Logisitic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of facial pressure ulcers in medical staff who wore N95 masks for a long time.The medical staff in the observation group were treated and nursed with cleansing skin,facial treatment and anti-infection treatment to explore the effect of prevention and treatment strategies.Results In the observation group,there were 1452 cases(95.46%)wearing masks for more than 8 hours,1243 cases(81.72%)with unsuitable sizes,1109 cases(72.91%)unable to replenish timely water,and 894 cases(58.78%)were prone to sweating.A total of 776 cases were subjected to obvious shear force and friction(51.02%).In the control group,there were 507 cases(57.68%)wearing masks for more than 8 hours,219 cases(24.91%)with unsuitable sizes,301 cases(34.24%)without timely hydration,and 119 cases(13.54%)who were prone to sweating on the face.A total of 137 cases(15.59%)were subjected to obvious shear force and friction,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logisitic regression analysis showed that high BMI,diabetes,wearing masks for a long time,bearing obvious shear force and friction,facial skin moisture,inappropriate size and water shortage were the risk factors for facial pressure ulcers among medical staff wearing N95 masks for a long time.In the observation group,1403 cases of facial pressure ulcers were cured after treatment,and the cure rate was 92.24%.Conclusions High index,diabetes,skin compression caused by long-term wear,influence o

关 键 词：N95口罩 面部压疮 

分 类 号：R168[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R632.1