基于FDM降噪和快速谱峭度分析的转子碰摩故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Rotor Rubbing Based on FDM Noise Reduction and Fast Spectral Kurtosis

作　　者：刘晓波[1] 洪连环[1] 刘洋[1] LIU Xiao-bo;HONG Lian-huan;LIU Yang(School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《南昌航空大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期1-8,共8页Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51365040);江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB206060)。

摘　　要：针对传统分解算法在强噪声背景下提取转子碰摩弱故障特征信息效果不佳的问题,提出了基于傅里叶分解算法(FDM)降噪和快速谱峭度分析的故障诊断方法。首先利用FDM算法实现转子碰摩故障振动信号的完备性分解,依据信号峭度值准则筛选出能够最大限度保留原始振动信号故障特征信息的分量信号,同时对备选信号分量进行重构得到降噪后的故障振动信号,然后通过快速谱峭度算法对重构后的故障振动信号进行分析,借助快速谱峭度算法在振动信号有用信息带宽通道信息提取方面的优势,实现转子碰摩故障特征信息的有效提取。试验分析结果表明,该故障诊断方法不仅能够实现转子碰摩故障试验样本振动信号的高效降噪,而且在故障特征信息提取方面更具优势。Aiming at the problem that the traditional decomposition algorithm is not effective in extracting the weak fault feature information of rotor rubbing against the background of strong noise,a fault diagnosis method based on Fourier decomposition algorithm(FDM)noise reduction and fast spectral kurtosis analysis is proposed.Firstly,the complete decomposition of the rotor rubbing fault vibration signal is realized by using the FDM algorithm,and the component signals that can retain the fault characteristic information of the original vibration signal to the greatest extent are selected according to the criterion of signal kurtosis value.At the same time,the candidate signal components are reconstructed to obtain the noise-reduced fault vibration signal.Then,the reconstructed fault vibration signal is analyzed by the fast spectral kurtosis algorithm.With the advantage of the fast spectral kurtosis algorithm in the extraction of useful information bandwidth channel information of the vibration signal,the effective extraction of the rotor rubbing fault feature information is realized.The experimental analysis results show that the fault diagnosis method can not only realize the efficient noise reduction of the vibration signal of the rotor rubbing fault test sample,but also has more advantages in the extraction of fault feature information.

关 键 词：傅里叶分解算法 快速谱峭度算法 转子碰摩 故障诊断 

分 类 号：V263.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]