基于计划行为理论的江苏省医务人员新型冠状病毒疫苗接种意愿及影响因素研究  

Planned behavior theory based survey on the willingness of healthcare providers to receive COVID-19vaccine and its influencing factors in Jiangsu province

作　　者：钱琦 王强 杨柳青[1] 金辉[1] 修仕信[2] QIAN Qi;WANG Qiang;YANG Liu-qing;JIN Hui;XIU Shi-xin(School of Public Heath,Dongnan University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009 [2]无锡市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2021年第11期833-840,共8页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省六大人才峰(WSN-002);无锡市科技发展基金(N20191007);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新项目(KYCX20_0153)。

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省医务人员对新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)接种意愿及影响因素,为做好新冠疫苗推广和预防接种工作提供参考依据。方法2021年5月24日—6月10日,基于计划行为理论,使用自编式问卷对江苏省1138名医务人员在知情同意的原则下进行线上问卷调查,分析江苏省医务人员对新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿及影响因素。结果1138名被访者中,男性478人(42.00%),女性660人(58.00%);<30岁361人(31.72%)、30~<50岁632人(55.54%)、≥50岁145人(12.74%)。新冠疫苗接种意愿率达81.99%。年龄、是否患有慢性病、学历、家庭年收入、健康状态、居住人数、接触人数对新冠疫苗接种意愿均有差异,且线性回归结果显示均为正向影响关系。疫苗接种意愿与主观规范(r=0.202,P<0.01)及态度(r=0.193,P<0.01)之间呈正相关关系,主观规范的相关性相比态度更强,疫苗接种意愿与知觉行为控制之间呈负相关关系(r=-0.303,P<0.01)。结构方程模型结果显示态度(路径系数=0.119,CR=3.824,P<0.01)和主观规范(路径系数=0.148,CR=4.491,P<0.01)对行为意向均产生正向影响关系,主观规范的正向影响稍高于态度,而知觉行为控制(路径系数=-0.267,CR=-8.586,P<0.01)对行为意向产生负向影响关系。结论新冠疫苗接种意愿计划行为理论模型能较好的解释江苏省医务人员对新冠病毒疫苗接种意愿,应重点关注医务人员的态度和主观规范,持续跟踪医务人员对新冠疫苗的犹豫现状及影响因素研究,力图通过医务人员对群众接种疫苗的正面导向作用来提高新冠疫苗的整体接种率。Objective To understand the willingness of healthcare providers to receive COVID-19vaccine in Jiangsu,and to discuss its influencing factors.Methods Based on the theory of planned behavior,a self-designed online questionnaire survey was conducted among 1138healthcare workers in Jiangsu with informed consent.Independent sample t test,variance analysis,correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and structural equation model were used to analyze the willingness and influencing factors.Results Among the 1138respondents,478 were men(42.00%)and 660 were women(58.00%).31.72%were under 30years old,55.54%were 30-<50years old,and 12.74%were over 50.81.99%of participants expressed their intention to have COVID-19vaccine.Age,chronic disease,education,annual family income,health status,number of roommates or family members and number of contacts were major influencing factors for the willingness to accept COVID-19vaccine,and the linear regression showed a positive correlation.Subjective norms(r=0.202,P<0.01)and attitude(r=0.193,P<0.01)were positively correlated with the willingness,while perceived behavioral control(r=-0.303,P<0.01)was negatively correlated.The results of structural equation model showed that attitude(path coefficient=0.119,CR=3.824,P<0.01)and subjective norm(path coefficient=0.148,CR=4.491,P<0.01)had significant positive influence on behavioral intention,especially the subjective norm,while the perceived behavioral control(path coefficient=-0.267,CR=-8.586,P<0.01)had a significant negative influence on behavioral intention.Conclusions A planned behavior theory model of COVID-19vaccination intention program can well explain the intention of healthcare workers in Jiangsu province to receive the vaccine,and the attitude and subjective norms are positively correlated with the willingness.It’s important to understand the reasons of hesitation of healthcare providers to accept COVID-19vaccine and to encourage them to play apositive role in the public vaccination in order to improve the overall COVI

关 键 词：计划行为理论 医务人员 新冠疫苗 接种意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]