自贡市居民新型冠状病毒疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析  

Factors affecting the willingness to receive COVID-19vaccine among residents in Zigong city

作　　者：张璐[1] 洪培甄 向南雁 丁莉文 蒋小勇[2] 刘振谧[1] 肖成汉[1] ZHANG Lu;HONG Pei-zhen;XIANG Nan-yan;DING Li-wen;JIANG Xiao-yong;LIU Zhen-mi;XIAO Cheng-han(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]四川省自贡市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2021年第11期862-867,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解自贡市居民对新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种意愿及其影响因素,为提高疫苗接种率、建立更好的免疫屏障提供参考依据。方法采用线上无接触式问卷调查及线下偶遇式问卷调查相结合的方式,基于健康行为理论自行设计问卷对自贡市居民新型冠状病毒疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素进行评估,单因素分析使用χ^(2)检验和独立样本t检验,多因素分析使用logistic回归模型。结果1703份有效样本中,83.21%的居民愿意接种新型冠状病毒疫苗。多因素回归分析显示,接种疫苗的益处(OR=3.13,95%CI:2.17~4.54)、自我效能(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.25~2.27)、社会规范(OR=3.42,95%CI:2.50~4.71)得分高及既往接种过流感疫苗(OR=2.39,95%CI:1.54~3.84)的居民对新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种意愿相对较高;接种疫苗的潜在危险性(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.49~0.95)得分高的居民对新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种意愿相对较低。结论自贡市居民接种新型冠状病毒疫苗的意愿较高,接种疫苗的益处认知、潜在危险性认知、自我效能、社会规范和既往流感疫苗接种史是新型冠状病毒疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。Objective To understand the willingness of local residents in Zigong city to receive COVID-19vaccine and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted via both online and offline among local residents in Zigong city.The chi-square test and the independent sample ttest were used for single factor analysis,and the logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results Out of total 1703valid questionnaires,83.21%of respondents were willing to receive the COVID-19vaccine.Multivariate regression analysis showed that residents with high scores on vaccination benefits(OR=3.13,95%CI:2.17-4.54),self-efficacy(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.25-2.27),social norms(OR=3.42,95%CI:2.50-4.71)and those with previous influenza vaccination history(OR=2.39,95%CI:1.54-3.84)were more likely to receive COVID-19vaccine.While residents with high scores on the potential risk of vaccination(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.49-0.95)were less likely to accept COVID-19vaccine.Conclusions Majority of residents in Zigong city are willing to receive COVID-19vaccine.Awareness of the benefits of vaccination and the potential risks,self-efficacy,social norms and influenza vaccination history are the major influencing factors for the willingness to receive COVID-19vaccine among residents in Zigong city.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 疫苗 健康行为理论 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]