1878例过敏性疾病成年患者血清过敏原特异性IgE检测及流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of serum allergen-specific IgE and epidemiological characteristics of1878 adult patients with allergic diseases

作　　者：孟凡超 赵宗玲 刘晶晶 王宁 李维暘 MENG Fan-chao;ZHAO Zong-ling;LIU Jing-jing;WANG Ning;LI Wei-yang(Miyun Teaching Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 101500,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学密云教学医院,北京101500

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2021年第12期1536-1539,1544,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析确诊为过敏性疾病成年患者过敏原特异性IgE(specific IgE,sIgE)检测结果及过敏原特征。方法以北京市某医院2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日进行过敏原特异性IgE检测的确诊过敏性疾病成年患者为研究对象,对病例特征及过敏原情况进行描述性分析。结果吸入组和食物组过敏原sIgE阳性率分别为38.66%和21.99%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。吸入组中排名前5位的过敏原分别为屋尘螨/粉尘螨(16.56%)、艾蒿(15.92%)、屋尘(10.97%)、豚草(7.29%)、蟑螂(6.39%);食物组中排名前5位的主要过敏原分别为鳕鱼/龙虾/扇贝(6.87%)、黄豆(5.64%)、鲑鱼/鲈鱼/鲤鱼(5.22%)、蟹(4.31%)、虾(2.66%)。8—10月吸入组会出现屋尘螨/粉尘螨、艾蒿过敏原sIgE阳性率峰值;1—2月食物组会出现鳕鱼/龙虾/扇贝、鲑鱼/鲈鱼/鲤鱼过敏原sIgE阳性率峰值。吸入组和食物组不同性别患者的血清过敏原sIgE阳性率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。吸入组中,除蟑螂、狗上皮与点青/分枝孢/烟曲/交链孢霉3项外,青年、中年和老年血清过敏原sIgE阳性率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。食物组中,青年、中年和老年血清过敏原sIgE阳性率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论过敏性疾病成年患者过敏原sIgE阳性主要过敏原是吸入性过敏原屋尘螨/粉尘螨、艾蒿、屋尘、豚草、蟑螂和食物性过敏原鳕鱼/龙虾/扇贝、黄豆、鲑鱼/鲈鱼/鲤鱼。过敏原sIgE阳性率在不同时间、不同年龄段人群中存在显著性差异,但不同性别的过敏原sIgE阳性率无显著性差异。Objective To analyze the allergen-specific IgE test results and allergen characteristics in adult patients diagnosed with allergic diseases.Methods Adult patients with confirmed allergic diseases who were tested for allergen-specific IgE in a hospital in Beijing from January 1,2019 to December 31,2020 were taken as the research object,and the case characteristics and allergen situation were analyzed descriptively.Results The positive rates of allergen-specific IgE in the inhalation group and food group were 38.66%and 21.99%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The top 5 allergens in the inhalation group were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/Dermatophagoides farinae(D.p/D.f)(16.56%),Artemisia argyi(15.92%),House dust(10.97%),Ragweed(7.29%)and Cockroach(6.39%).The top 5 allergens in the food group were Cod/Lobster/Scallop(6.87%),Soybean(5.64%),Salmon/Perch/Carp(5.22%),Crab(4.31%)and Shrimp(2.66%),respectively.From August to October,the peak allergen-specificIgE positive rates of D.p/D.f and Artemisia argyi appeared in the inhalation group.From January to February,the peak allergen-specific IgE positive rates of Cod/Lobster/Scallop and Salmon/Perch/Carp appeared in the food group.There was no significant difference in the positive rates of serum allergen-specific IgE between different gender in both inhalation group and food group(all P>0.05).In the inhalation group,except for Cockroaches,Dog epithelium and Mycosporium fumigatus/Aspergillus fumigatus/Alternaria alternata,the positive rates of allergen-specific IgE in young,middle-aged and old patients were significantly different(all P<0.05).In the food group,there were no significant differences in the positive rates of allergen-specific IgE among young,middle-aged and old patients(all P>0.05).Conclusion The main allergens of adult patients with allergic disease are inhalation allergens including D.p/D.f,Artemisia argyi,House dust,Ragweed,Cockroach,and food allergens including Cod/Lobster/Scallop,Soybean,Salmon/Perch/Carp.The differen

关 键 词：成年 过敏性疾病 过敏原 特异性IGE 

分 类 号：R758.2[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]