重庆涪陵烟区土壤养分状况分析及演变趋势  

Analysis and Evolution Trend of Soil Nutrients in Fuling Tobacco-Growing Area,Chongqing

作　　者：李超[1] 关罗浩 袁文彬 冀浩[1] 周鑫斌[2] 杨欣[1] LI Chao;GUAN Luohao;YUAN Wenbin;JI Hao;ZHOU Xinbin;YANG Xin(Guangdong China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd..,Guangzhou 510310;Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China)

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州510310 [2]西南大学,重庆400716

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2022年第1期61-65,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71503174);中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201502015)。

摘　　要：为探明重庆涪陵烟区植烟土壤养分状况,对该区域196个土壤样品养分状况及演变趋势进行分析,并与2002年、2012年的数据进行纵向对比。结果表明:涪陵区烟田土壤约有73.42%的土壤酸化;有71.88%的土壤有机质含量处于最适宜区间,并逐年缓慢上升;全氮含量偏高(2.30 g/kg);碱解氮处于适宜水平;烟田速效磷含量偏高(55.60 mg/kg),较高和极高的比例较大,并处于逐年上升趋势;速效钾含量整体呈现偏高水平(258.62 mg/kg),适宜水平所占比例较低,含量呈逐年急剧上升趋势。总体来说,目前重庆涪陵烟区土壤肥力需要因地制宜提升,生产上采取"降酸、稳氮、控磷钾、保持有机肥"的养分管理措施,总体上采用"区域大配方、地块小调整"施肥策略,兼顾烤烟养分需求和环境友好的最佳养分管理措施。In order to explore the soil nutrient status of tobacco growing in Fuling,Chongqing,196 soil samples were analyzed and compared with the data in 2002 and 2012.The results showed that 73.42%of the soil in fuling tobacco field was acidified.The soil organic matter content of 71.88%was in the optimum range and increased slowly year by year.High total nitrogen content(2.30 g/kg),and the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was at a suitable level.The content of available phosphorus in tobacco field was high(55.60 mg/kg),and the proportion of high phosphorus and extremely high phosphorus was large,and was increasing year by year.The content of available potassium was on the high level(258.62 mg/kg),the proportion of suitable level was low,and the content increased sharply year by year.In general,at present,soil fertility in Fuling tobacco area of Chongqing needs to be improved according to local conditions,and nutrient management measures of"reducing acid,stabilizing nitrogen,controlling phosphorus and potassium,and maintaining organic fertilizer"should be adopted in production.On the whole,the fertilization strategy of"The formula for large areas,minor adjustments for small plots"should be adopted to take into account the nutrient demand of flue-cured tobacco and the best nutrient management measures of environmental friendliness.

关 键 词：植烟区 涪陵 土壤酸化 最佳养分 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]