新型冠状病毒肺炎防治一线护理人员的工作压力源调查研究  

Investigation and research on work stressors of front-line nursing staff in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

作　　者：李永恒 周建波[1] 殷陶 李娜[1] 王慧[1] 谭哲红 邵利辉 赵小云 戴志辉 LI Yong-heng;ZHOU Jian-bo;YIN Tao;LI Na;WANG Hui;TAN Zhe-hong;SHAO Li-hui;ZHAO Xiao-yun;DAI Zhi-hui(Changsha Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University,the Fourth Hospital of Changsha,Changsha,Hunan 410006,China;Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学附属长沙医院,长沙市第四医院,湖南长沙410006 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2022年第2期161-164,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省科技厅课题(2020SK3012,湖南省新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情监测系统研究)。

摘　　要：目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)防治一线护理人员工作压力源,探讨其相关影响因素。方法采用问卷星的形式,应用一般资料量表和护士工作压力源量表对316名在一线参与救治新冠肺炎的护理人员进行调查并对其影响因素进行分析。结果抗击新冠肺炎的临床一线护理人员工作压力源总分为(2.12±0.57)分,各维度得分由高到低分别为护理专业及工作方面的问题,工作量及时间分配的问题,工作环境及资源方面的问题,病人护理方面的问题,管理及人际关系方面的问题。不同子女数、身体状况、医院类别、科室护理人员工作压力源总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而不同性别、年龄、学历、婚姻状况、赡养父母人数等护理人员工作压力源总分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同环境和不同抗疫经历的压力源有所不同。结论应高度关注新冠肺炎防治一线护理人员职业压力状况,根据岗位需要科学调配护理人力资源,加强专业知识培训,合理分配工作量与工作时间,以减少或消除护士工作压力源,保障身心健康。Objective To understand the work stressors of front-line nursing staff in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19,and to explore the related influencing factors.Methods In the form of questionnaire star,316 nurses who participated in the treatment of COVID-19 in the first line were surveyed by the General Data Scale and the Nurses’Occupational Stressor Scale,and their influencing factors were analyzed.Results The total score of work stressors of the clinical front-line nursing staff in the fight against COVID-19 was(2.12±0.57)points.The scores in each dimension from high to low were nursing professional and work problems,workload and time allocation problems,working environment and resources,problems in aspects of patient care,problems in management and interpersonal relationships.Differences in the number of children,physical condition,types of hospitals,and total scores of work stressors in nursing staff from different departments were statistically significant(all P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in the total scores of work stressors of nursing staff with different genders,ages,education backgrounds,marital status,and numbers of dependent parents(all P>0.05).Nursing staff with different environments and different anti-epidemic experiences had different pressure sources.Conclusion High attention should be paid to the occupational stress status of front-line nursing staff in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.It is necessary to scientifically allocate nursing human resources according to job needs,strengthen professional knowledge training,and reasonably allocate workload and working time so as to reduce or eliminate nurses’work stressors and protect their physical and mental health.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 护理人员 工作压力源 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]