重庆市中学生性健康知识、态度、教育需求及性别差异分析  

Status and gender differences of sexual health knowledge,attitude and education demands among middle school students in Chongqing Municipality

作　　者：欧阳琳[1] 蒋和宏 吴国辉[1] OUYANG Lin;JIANG He-hong;WU Guo-hui(Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2022年第2期189-192,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市不同性别中学生的性健康知识、态度及性教育需求,为制定针对性的中学生性健康及防艾宣传策略提供依据。方法在重庆主城和近远郊各3个区采取整群抽样的方法抽取初一到高三共六个年级的学生(男生1765名,女生2028名),采用自行设计问卷开展横断面调查。结果中学生性健康知识总体知晓率较低,女生在性生理发育特点、导致怀孕的方式、流产危害、处女膜与性行为的关系,以及对同性恋的态度上,普遍比男生有更好的认知;男生在性病预防方法、防艾知识及对艾滋病感染者态度上的正确认知比例高于女生。女生对于性侵对象的正确认知率45.14%,高于男生的34.12%。67.73%的中学生认识到性行为会增大性病传播风险。87.13%学生认为有必要进行性教育,获得性知识的最主要来源是学校教育占29.07%,男生从网络和同学朋友中获取比例高于女生,女生从家庭教育获取比例高于男生。结论中学生性健康知识较缺乏,应根据学生性别和年龄特点在中学尝试积极有效的性教育,帮助培养学生性行为的自我决定和自我保护能力。Objective To understand the sexual health knowledge,attitude and education demands among middle school students with different genders in Chongqing Municipality,and to provide a basis for formulating targeted strategies for sexual health education and AIDS prevention propaganda among middle school students.Methods Cluster-based sampling method was used to select 7-12th grade students(including 1,765 male students and 2,028 female students)from 3 districts of main urban area and 3 districts of near and outer suburbs in Chongqing Municipality,and then conducted a cross-sectional survey with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The total awareness rate of sexual health knowledge in the middle school students was low.The female students had better cognition on the knowledge about characteristics of sexual physiological development,behavior leading to pregnancy,the harm of induced abortion,relationship of maidenhead with sexual behavior,and attitude towards homosexuality,whereas the male students had better cognition on prevention methods about sexually transmitted diseases(STDs),AIDS prevention knowledge and attitude towards AIDS patients.The proportion of female students who had correct awareness about implementers of sexual assault was higher than that of male students(45.14%vs.34.12%).67.73%of the respondents considered that sexual behavior could increase the risk of STDs.87.13%of the respondents agreed to conduct sexual education,and the main way to gain sexual knowledge was school education(29.07%).The proportion of acquiring sexual knowledge from Internet,classmates and friends was higher in the male students than in the female ones,while the proportion of obtaining sexual knowledge from family education was higher in the female students than in the male ones.Conclusion Sexual health knowledge of the middle school students is insufficient.Active and effective sexual health education based on students’gender and age characteristics should be tried in middle schools so as to help students develop the ability o

关 键 词：性知识 性教育 中学生 性别 

分 类 号：R169[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]