核爆炸放射性沉降预警模型研究  

Research on Early Warning Model of Fallout of Nuclear Explosion

作　　者：刘伟[1] 郑毅 李小强 LIU Wei;ZHENG Yi;LI Xiao-qiang(Institute of Chemical Defense,AMS,PLA,Beijing 102205,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院防化研究院,北京102205

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2021年第3期459-464,共6页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：采用简化动力学方法建立了核爆炸烟云上升模型,采用MC法和Gifford对流层相对扩散理论建立了烟云扩散模型,推导出了放射性云浸人空气吸收剂量和地面沉降空气吸收剂量模型;给出了在不同当量地表面爆炸和典型气象条件下,下风方向不同距离放射性沉降到达时间和剂量率。分析研究表明:在已知核爆炸当量和气象参数的条件下,可以实现对核爆炸放射性沉降的预警;核爆炸烟云浸没剂量率不可忽略,在烟云过顶时超过了地面沉降剂量率。The model of rising nuclear cloud is established by using a simple dynamics method,and the model of nuclear cloud diffusion is established by using Monte Carlo and Gifford’s theory of relative tropospheric diffusion,;the absorbed dose model of nulcear cloud immersion in air and ground subsidence are derived.Under different equivalent surface explosions and typical meteorological conditions,the arrival time and dose rate of radioactive fallout in different direction of downwind are given.The results show that:under the condition of known nuclear explosion equivalent and meteorological parameters,the early warning of fallout of nuclear explosion can be realized;the nulcear cloud immersion dose rate can not be neglected which exceeds the dose rate of ground subsidence when the cloud is over the top.

关 键 词：核爆炸 烟云 放射性沉降 预警 

分 类 号：TL91[核科学技术—核技术及应用]