药型罩材料与结构的研究进展  

Research progress on material and structure of drug cover

作　　者：贾梦晔 高永宏 周鹏飞 张婧 李晨阳 刘迎彬 胡晓艳 JIA Mengye;GAO Yonghong;ZHOU Pengfei;ZHANG Jing;LI Chenyang;LIU Yingbin;HU Xiaoyan(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,太原030051

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第1期10-18,共9页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11572292);国家青年科学基金项目(11802274);国家青年科学基金项目(12002319)。

摘　　要：在反装甲武器的研究发展过程中,聚能破甲效应发挥了巨大作用,同时,随着聚能效应的研究发展,使其在军民领域都具有一定的应用前景。以此为背景,对聚能效应研究的核心部件之一——药型罩的研究概况展开分析。文献资料显示,有关药型罩的研究主要集中在材料与结构两个方面:结构上,如药型罩的形状、组合药型罩的结构比例、各种新型的顶部结构、锥角、壁厚、曲率半径以及母线长度等都对超聚能射流的头部最大速度、射流整体速度减小的趋势以及射流的侵彻能力影响重大;材料上,塑性、密度、声速、可压缩性、延展性等诸多材料性能,都会提高聚能效应的侵彻深度或毁伤性能。改善药型罩的材料与结构都会提高聚能射流的侵彻性能或EFP的后效毁伤能力。目前急需解决的问题:①如何减少球形药型罩质量;②药型罩材料基础机理方面的微观研究不足;③如何使得各种性能良好的金属e互相溶解;④如何使超塑合金微区密度均匀没有缺陷,并且获得高致密度;⑤如何通过改进加工技术,实现多种稀有金属及其合金药型罩材料的大规模实用等。未来的重点的研究方向:①进一步探索新型结构,如双层药型罩,多层药型罩,以及变锥角药型罩和变壁厚药型罩;②未来除了研究高密度的药型罩材料的同时,还应该研究具有特殊性能的药型罩材料,满足攻击特种非均质装甲的要求;③由于非晶合金结构上不存在缺陷且各种性能优良,因此非晶合金结构更多种类依旧是未来研究的重点。In the process of research and development of anti-armor weapons,the energy-concentrating armor-breaking effect has played a huge role.At the same time,with the research and development of the energy-concentrating effect,it has certain application prospects in the military and civilian fields.With this as a background,an analysis of the research overview of the liner,one of the core components of the energy-concentrating effect research,was carried out.Literature data shows that the research on the liner mainly focuses on two aspects of material and structure:structure,such as the shape of the liner,the structure ratio of the combined liner,various new top structures,cone angles,and wall thickness.The radius of curvature and the length of the bus bar all have a significant impact on the maximum velocity of the super-concentrated jet’s head,the tendency of the overall jet velocity to decrease,and the jet’s penetration ability;in terms of materials,plasticity,density,sound velocity,compressibility will increase the penetration depth or damage performance of the energy gathering effect.Improving the material and structure of the drug-type cover will increase the penetration performance of the shaped energy jet or the aftereffect damage ability of the EFP.Problems that need to be solved urgently:①How to improve the quality of the spherical drug cover;②Insufficient micro-research on the basic mechanism of the liner material;③How to make various metals with good properties dissolve each other;④How to make the superplastic alloy micro-area.The density is uniform and has no defects,and high density is obtained;⑤How to improve the processing technology to realize the large-scale practical use of a variety of rare metals and their alloys.Future key research directions:①To further explore new structures,such as double-layer liner,multi-layer liner,and variable cone angle liner and variable wall thickness liner;②In the future,in addition to the research on high-density charge cover materials,we should also

关 键 词：药型罩 聚能装药 射流 爆炸成型弹丸 侵彻性能 

分 类 号：TJ410.333[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]