冲击载荷作用下身管疲劳行为研究  

Study on fatigue behavior of gun barrel under impact loading

作　　者：郑靖 李慧杰 吴斌 ZHENG Jing;LI Huijie;WU Bin(Army Artillery and Air-defense Academy, Hefei 230031, China)

机构地区：[1]陆军炮兵防空兵学院,合肥230031

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第1期55-60,共6页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51475471)。

摘　　要：传统身管疲劳寿命评定采用实弹射击和实验室液压疲劳试验相结合的方法进行,未充分考虑火炮发射时动态载荷对身管的冲击疲劳作用。为此,研制了身管冲击液压疲劳试验装置,为揭示身管冲击疲劳规律提供了新手段。依托该装置,在实验室条件下再现了身管胀膛和膛炸现象。试验结果表明:在冲击载荷作用下,身管壁内主裂纹逐渐形成并沿径向扩展,造成身管剩余强度局部严重削弱,最终在裂纹扩展至临界尺寸时身管因无法承受再一次的冲击载荷而呈撕裂状破坏。身管的表面加工质量、裂纹的形状和深度、疲劳载荷的大小、加载频率和加载顺序等因素对身管疲劳行为均有影响。因此,要注意从设计、制造、使用、维护和保养等方面综合施策以延长身管疲劳寿命。Traditionally,the fatigue life of the gun barrel was evaluated by combination of first actual firing and later laboratory hydraulic fatigue tests.However,this method does not take into account of the effect of impact fatigue of the gun barrel caused by dynamic loading.A hydraulic impact fatigue testing apparatus was developed for providing a novel technique to investigate the essence of impact fatigue of gun barrel.Bore expansion and burst of gun barrel were reproduced by using this impact fatigue testing apparatus.Experimental results show that a major crack formed in the barrel wall and propagates along the radial direction,which leads to local decrease in residual strength of the barrel.At last,the barrel burst suddenly under one more impact loading when the crack length reaches the critical value.It shows that machining quality of gun barrel surface,the geometry and dimension of the prepared defects on the inner surface and the load and its sequence and frequency play an important role in affecting the fatigue behavior of the gun barrel.Therefore,fatigue life of gun barrel can be extended by considering design,manufacturing,use,maintenance of gun barrel.

关 键 词：冲击载荷 身管寿命 裂纹扩展 疲劳断裂 膛炸 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]