基于热电效应的地热资源发电技术  

Geothermal Power Generation Technology Based on Thermoelectric Effect

作　　者：许博越 王磊[1,2,3] 胡志强 李鑫[1,2] 曹耐 张亢[1,2] XU Bo-yue;WANG Lei;HU Zhi-qiang;LI Xin;CAO Nai;ZHANG Kang(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing 102206, China;State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 102206, China;College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油工程技术研究,北京102206 [2]页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点试验室,北京102206 [3]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第3期1011-1015,共5页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0604904);中国博士后基金(2020M670584)。

摘　　要：地热资源是一种低碳环保的可再生清洁能源,高效合理开发地热资源对于我国能源产业结构调整,推进实现“碳达峰”与“碳中和”目标具有重要意义。针对传统地热发电转化效率低、规模化开发难等问题,提出一种基于热电效应的地热资源发电技术,通过设计井下热电机装置,构建具有流体温度差的闭合回路,实现井下热电高效转化;建立井下热流温度场数学模型,定量预测井筒热量传递效率;创建地热发电经济评价指标,评估地热发电经济可行性。研究结果表明,井下地热发电技术能有效将热能转换为电能,适用于高含水的油气井;通过提高注入速率,串联安装多个热电机,可以有效提高发电量;地热发电技术单位电量费用为0.6元/(kW·h),随着规模化应用发电成本会进一步下降。研究结果为我国地热发电技术提供了一种低成本、大规模、高效开发的解决方案,为我国能源结构调整和节能降耗减排等研究提供借鉴。Geothermal resources are a kind of renewable and clean energy with low carbon and environmental protection.Efficient and rational development of geothermal resources is of great significance to the adjustment of China's energy industry structure and the promotion of the goal of“carbon peak”and“carbon neutral”.Aiming at the problems of low conversion efficiency and difficulty in large-scale development of traditional geothermal power generation,a geothermal power generation technology based on thermoelectric effect for oil and gas wells was proposed.A closed loop with fluid temperature difference was built by designing a downhole thermal motor device to realize efficient downhole thermoelectric conversion.The mathematical model of downhole heat flow temperature field was established to quantitatively predict the heat transfer efficiency of wellbore.The economic evaluation index of geothermal power generation was established to evaluate the economic feasibility of geothermal power generation.The results show that underground geothermal power generation technology can effectively convert thermal energy into electrical energy and is suitable for oil and gas wells with high water cut.Increasing the injection rate and installing multiple thermal motors in series can increase the power generation.The unit electricity cost of geothermal power generation technology is 0.6 yuan/(kW·h),which will further decrease with large-scale application of power generation cost.a reference is provided for China's high-temperature geothermal development,energy structure adjustment,energy conservation and emission reduction research.

关 键 词：碳中和 碳达峰 地热资源 油气井 电热效应 经济评价 

分 类 号：TK521[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]