数字经济下的全球规则博弈与中国路径选择——基于跨境数据流动规制视角  

Global Rule Game and China’s Path Choice in Digital Economy——Examining from the perspective of cross-border data flow regulation

作　　者：张光[1] 宋歌 Zhang Guang;Song Ge(International Law Research Center,Northwest University of Politics&Law,Xi’an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学国际法研究中心,西安710000

出　　处：《学术交流》2022年第1期96-113,192,共19页Academic Exchange

摘　　要：正值全球数字贸易规则建立的关键时期,跨境数据流动规制作为事关主导未来全球经贸格局的重要议题,俨然成为大国间战略博弈的焦点。现阶段全球主要有三种价值取向的跨境数据流动规制模式,分别是主张数据自由流动,以"自由贸易"为核心的美国规制模式;倡导人权保护,以"人权保障"为理念的欧盟规制模式;维护国家安全,以"主权保护"为重点的中国规制模式。如何兼顾不同国家发展理念与平衡跨境数据自由流动间的矛盾,建立统一的全球治理框架,这既是国际社会的关注重点,也是我国今后主要的研究方向。对此,我国在国际规制路径上,应加强双边、区域与多边层面的法律协调与合作,平衡各国间不同的价值需求,推动全球数字贸易规则的建立。在国内立法层面,完善数据保护与跨境流动法律制度体系,并以法益衡量为手段,建立分级分类分区域跨境数据流动监管制度,强化数据安全管理和技术能力建设,探索符合我国数字贸易发展及跨境数据流动的中国路径。At the critical period of the establishment of global digital trade rules,the regulation of crossborder data flow,as an important issue related to the leading global economic and trade pattern in the future,seems to be the focus of the strategic game between world giants.At present,there are three value oriented cross-border data flow regulation modes mainly in the world,namely,the American regulation mode that advocates the free flow of data and takes"free trade"as the core;Advocate the protection of human rights and the EU regulation model with the concept of"human rights protection";Maintain national security and China’s regulatory model focusing on"sovereignty protection".How to balance the contradiction between the development ideas of different countries and the free flow of cross-border data,establishing a unified global governance framework,is not only the focus of the international community,but also the main research direction of our country in the future.In such a view,on the path of international regulation,China should strengthen legal coordination and cooperation at the bilateral,regional and multilateral levels,balance different value needs among countries,and promote the establishment of global digital trade rules.At the level of domestic legislation,we should improve the legal system of data protection and cross-border data flow,establish a hierarchical,classified and subregional cross-border data flow supervision system by measuring legal interests,strengthen data security management and technical capacity-building,and explore a Chinese path in line with the development of China’s digital trade and cross-border data flow.

关 键 词：数字经济 跨境数据流动 法律规制模式 全球治理框架 中国路径 

分 类 号：F062.5[经济管理—政治经济学] F062.9