氮素水平及形态对娃娃菜根系特征及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Level and Form on Root Morphology of Mini Chinese Cabbage and Its Physiological Index

作　　者：马玉峰 周忠雄 李雨桐 高雪琴 乔亚丽 张文斌[1] 颉建明[1] 胡琳莉[1,2] 郁继华 MA YuFeng;ZHOU ZhongXiong;LI YuTong;GAO XueQin;QIAO YaLi;ZHANG WenBin;XIE JianMing;HU LinLi;YU JiHua(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu,730070;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070;Hubei Kailong Chuxing Chemical Group Co.,Ltd,Zhongxiang 431900,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]湖北凯龙楚兴化工集团有限公司,湖北钟祥431900

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2022年第2期378-389,共12页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：甘肃农业大学科技创新基金公招博士科研启动基金(GSAU-RCZX201713)、甘肃农业大学科技创新基金盛彤笙创新基金(GSAU-STS-1746);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZCYD-2020-5)。

摘　　要：【目的】所有高等植物均会调控其根系形态,以便能更好地在土壤环境中获得充足的养分和水分,其中,氮素是调控根系形态的一个关键因子。探究氮素水平及形态对娃娃菜根系形态的影响及其生理机制,明确参与根系形态塑造的关键因子,为进一步研究氮素调控植物根系形态的分子机制奠定基础。【方法】以娃娃菜(品种‘惠农金娃娃’)为试材,设置两个氮素浓度(0.1和1 mmol·L^(-1))及两种氮素形态(NO_(3)^(-)和NH_(4)^(+))共4个处理组合,使用根系扫描仪以及生理试验等方法,测定娃娃菜根系形态指标:总根长、总根体积、总根表面积和根尖数;生理指标:NO_(3)^(-)含量、NH_(4)^(+)含量、糖、一氧化氮(NO)和过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))以及生根相关酶过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)以及吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)活性,采用同位素内标法,对内源激素细胞分裂素类(CTK)、茉莉酸类(JA)、生长素(IAA)、水杨酸(SA)、1-氨基环丙基-1-羧酸(ACC)和脱落酸(ABA)含量进行LC-MS/SM绝对定量分析,并分析根系形态与各生理指标之间的相关性。【结果】相同形态下,不同氮素水平对娃娃菜根系形态和生理作用不同。低浓度(0.1 mmol·L^(-1))的NO_(3)^(-)(LN)与高浓度(1.0 mmol·L^(-1))的NO_(3)^(-)(HN)相比,可分别显著提高根系总根长、表面积、根尖数43%、24%和50%;LN处理与HN处理相比,还原糖含量提高了55.81%,NO含量提高了18.3%,H_(2)O_(2)降低了20.44%;低浓度(0.1 mmol·L^(-1))的NH_(4)^(+)(LA)与高浓度(1.0 mmol·L^(-1))的NH_(4)^(+)(HA)相比,分别提高了根系总根长、总根体积、总根表面积和根尖数96%、73%、85%和45%,LA处理比HA处理的还原糖含量提高了200%,NO与H_(2)O_(2)均有所降低,分别降低74.59%和13.58%。相同水平下,不同氮素形态影响娃娃菜根系形态以及生理指标,与LA处理相比,LN处理提高了娃娃菜总根长和总根表面积,降低了总根体积和总根尖数,同时提�【Objective】All higher plants regulate their root morphology to obtain sufficient nutrients and moisture from the soil environment,of which nitrogen is a critical factor in regulating root morphology.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nitrogen levels and forms on root morphology of mini Chinese cabbage and its physiological mechanism and to identify the key factors involved in root morphology shaping,which laid a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of nitrogen regulation on plant root morphology.【Method】Mini Chinese cabbage(variety‘Hui nong jin wawa’)were used as test material,four combinations including two nitrogen concentrations(0.1 mmol·L^(-1)and 1 mmol·L^(-1))and two nitrogen forms(NO_(3)^(-) and NH_(4)^(+))were set up.The root morphological parameters,including total root length,root volume,root surface area and root tip number,and root physiological indicators,including NO_(3)^(-) content,NH_(4)^(+)content,sugar,nitric oxide(NO),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),as well as the activities of rooting related enzymes such as peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and indole acetic acid oxidase(IAAO),were evaluated by root scanner and physiological experiment methods.The contents of endogenous hormones,including cytokinins(CTK),jasmonic acids(JA),auxin(IAA),salicylic acid(SA),1-aminocyclopropyl-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)and abscisic acid(ABA),were determined by LC-MS/SM absolute quantitative analysis using isotope internal standard method.The correlation between root morphology and physiological indexes were also analyzed.【Result】Under the same nitrogen form,the different nitrogen levels had different effects on the root morphology and physiology of mini Chinese cabbage.Compared with higher concentration(1.0mmol·L^(-1))NO_(3)^(-)(HN),low concentration(0.1 mmol·L^(-1))NO_(3)^(-)(LN)significantly increased the total root length,surface area and number of root tips by 43%,24%and 50%,respectivley.Compared with HN treatment,the content of reducing sugar increas

关 键 词：娃娃菜 氮素营养 根系发育 内源激素 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]