Exercise stress echocardiography:Where are we now?  

作　　者：Carlos Alberto Cotrim Hugo Café Isabel João Nuno Cotrim Jorge Guardado Pedro Cordeiro Hortense Cotrim Luis Baquero 

机构地区：[1]Heart Center,Hospital da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa,Lisboa 1549-008,Portugal [2]Faculdade de Medicina,Algarve University,Faro 8005-139,Portugal [3]Department of Cardiology,Garcia de Orta Hospital,Almada 2805-267,Portugal [4]Department of Medicine,Garcia de Orta Hospital,Almada 2805-267,Portugal [5]Cardiovascular Unit,UCARDIO,Centro Clinico,Riachos 2350-325,Portugal [6]Department of Cardiology,Hospital Particular do Algarve,Faro 8005-226,Portugal

出　　处：《World Journal of Cardiology》2022年第2期64-82,共19页世界心脏病学杂志（英文版）（电子版）

摘　　要：Exercise stress echocardiography(ESE)is a widely used diagnostic test in cardiology departments.ESE is mainly used to study patients with coronary artery disease;however,it has increasingly been used in other clinical scenarios including valve pathology,congenital heart disease,hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies,athlete evaluations,diastolic function evaluation,and pulmonary circulation study.In our laboratories,we use an established methodology in which cardiac function is evaluated while exercising on a treadmill.After completing the exercise regimen,patients remain in a standing position or lie down on the left lateral decubitus,depending on the clinical questions to be answered for further evaluation.This method increases the quality and quantity of information obtained.Here,we present the various methods of exercise stress echocardiography and our experience in many clinical arenas in detail.We also present alternatives to ESE that may be used and their advantages and disadvantages.We review recent advances in ESE and future directions for this established method in the study of cardiac patients and underline the advantage of using a diagnostic tool that is radiation-free.

关 键 词：Exercise stress echocardiography Coronary artery disease Valve disease ATHLETES Intraventricular gradients CHILDREN 

分 类 号：R540.45[医药卫生—心血管疾病]