广东白马窑仿龙泉青瓷的科技分析  

Analysis of Longquan Celadon Imitation of Baima Kiln from Guangdong Province

作　　者：张余 张茂林 刘长[2] 郁永彬 夏孝言 吴琳 ZHANG Yu;ZHANG Maolin;LIU Chang;YU Yongbin;XIA Xiaoyan;WU Lin(Research Center of Ancient Ceramic,Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen 333403,Jiangxi,China;Guangdong Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Guangzhou 510075,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷大学古陶瓷研究中心,江西景德镇333403 [2]广东省文物考古研究所,广东广州510075

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2022年第1期129-138,共10页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究项目(19ZDA230);江西省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(JD19072)。

摘　　要：采用EDXRF、热膨胀仪、光学显微镜和SEM/EDS分析白马窑中三官坑和枫树头两处代表性窑址青瓷的胎釉化学组成、烧成温度和显微结构,讨论其青瓷的组成特征和制瓷技术。结果表明:白马窑青瓷胎土淘洗程度较低,其胎体组成具有"高硅低铝"的特征。青瓷的烧成温度范围在1208℃~1268℃之间,胎体的吸水率小于1.1%,表现出较高的致密化程度。另外,白马窑陶工采用高锰低磷的草木灰为助熔剂制备青釉。釉中分相液滴、气泡和少量石英晶体的存在对可见光产生一定程度的吸收和散射,使得青釉的光泽效果更柔和舒适。EDXRF,thermal dilatometer,optical microscope and SEM/EDS were used to analyze the chemical composition,firing temperature and microstructure of celadons from two typical kiln sites(Sanguankeng and Fengshutou)in Baima kiln.Composition characteristics and manufacturing technology of the celadons were discussed.It was found that the raw material f or celadon body in Baima kiln exhibited a relatively low degree of elutriation and the body was characterized by"high silicon and low aluminum"in composition.The celadons in Baima kiln were fired at temperatures in the range from 1208℃ to 1268℃,with water absorption of less than 1.1%,showing a high degree of densification.In addition,in the potters in Baima kiln,high-manganese and low-phosphorus plant ash was used as the flux to prepare celadon glazes.Due to the presence of phase-separated droplets,bubbles and a small content of quartz crystals,the glazes displayed light absorption and scattering to a certain extent,so that the celadons look soft and more comfortable.

关 键 词：白马窑 仿龙泉 化学组成 烧成温度 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]