偏心不耦合装药爆破损伤分布特征数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of blasting damage distribution characteristics of eccentric decouple charge

作　　者：李晓静[1] 张向阳 张化恳 白逸凡 赵贵辉 LI Xiaojing;ZHANG Xiangyang;ZHANG Huaken;BAI Yifan;ZHAO Guihui(School of Civil Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China;Shanghe Construction Engineering Quality Inspection Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 251600,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学土木工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]商河县建筑工程质量检测有限公司,山东济南251600

出　　处：《山东建筑大学学报》2022年第1期8-15,共8页Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979156)。

摘　　要：偏心不耦合装药结构由于药卷紧贴炮孔孔壁一侧造成岩体中的爆炸能量分布不均,会影响到光面爆破效果,研究其爆破损伤问题可为实际工程施工提供参考依据。文章基于显式动力分析软件,采用材料本构HJC模型,通过观察爆破过程中炮孔周围岩体压碎区、破坏区和裂隙区范围的变化,研究装药位置、耦合介质以及不耦合系数对岩体的爆破损伤分布特征的影响规律。结果表明:同心不耦合装药炮孔周围相同爆心距下岩体的损伤程度基本相同,偏心不耦合装药炮孔周围耦合侧岩体的压碎区与破坏区范围均大于不耦合侧岩体,能降低对预留侧岩体的损伤并更加充分地破碎开挖侧岩体;偏心不耦合装药条件下,水耦合介质爆破造成的岩体压碎区与破坏区范围远大于空气耦合介质,并会加剧对预留岩体的损伤;在偏心不耦合装药采用空气耦合介质情况下,随着不耦合系数的增加,耦合侧岩体的压碎区、裂隙区和破坏区范围呈先快后慢的减小趋势,不耦合侧岩体裂隙区与破坏区范围呈线性减小趋势,当不耦合系数取1.7时,爆破效果最佳。The eccentric decouple charge structure causes uneven distribution of blast energy in the rock mass due to the close proximity of the charge to the side of the blast hole,which may affect the smooth blasting effect.The study on the blast damage problem of the eccentric decouple charge structure cna provide reference for practical engineering construction.This paper examines a measure of HJC material constitutive model based on the explicit dynamic analysis software.It works to study the influence regularity of charging position,coupling medium and decoupling coefficient on blasting damage distribution characteristics of rock mass by observing the changes of crushed zone,failure zone and crack area around blast hole during the process of blasting.The result further shows that the damage degree of rock mass performs basically the same under the equal blasting center distance around the concentric decouple charge blasting holes while the scope of crushed zone and failure zone of coupling side rock mass around eccentric decouple charge holes appears larger than that of decouple side rock mass,which can reduce the damage to the retaining side rock mass and more fully crush and excavate the side rock mass.Under the condition of eccentric decouple charge,the scope of crushed zone and failure zone caused by blasting in water coupling medium is much larger than that in air coupling medium.In such a case,the damage will be aggravated to the retaining rock.When air coupling medium is adopted in eccentric decouple charge,the scope of crushed zone,crack area and failure zone of rock mass on coupling side presents the trend of decreasing rapidly at first and then slowly with the increase of decoupling coefficient while the scoke of crack area and failure zone of decouple side decreases linearly.What s more,the blasting effect presents the best when the decoupling coefficient is 1.7.

关 键 词：光面爆破 偏心不耦合装药 损伤分布 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]