外源ABA对低温胁迫下牛皮杜鹃气孔性状及光合性能的影响  

Effects of Exogenous ABA on Stomatal Characters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.Under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：张庆怡 李悦 董佳伟 徐洪伟[1] 周晓馥[1] ZHANG Qingyi;LI Yue;DONG Jiawei;XU Hongwei;ZHOU Xiaofu(Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production,Jilin Normal University,Siping,Jilin 136000)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学吉林省植物资源科学与绿色生产重点实验室,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第1期72-79,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20190301059NY);中央指导地方科技发展资金吉林省基础研究专项资助项目(202002016JC)。

摘　　要：以牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.)为试材,采用脱落酸(ABA)预处理4d,常温和低温胁迫下培养2d后,分别对其进行叶绿素荧光含量与气孔大小测定,研究了外源ABA对低温胁迫下牛皮杜鹃PSⅡ光合特性与气孔性状的影响,以期为探究其抗寒性机制提供参考依据。结果表明:牛皮杜鹃幼苗的正常生长由于低温胁迫,受到显著抑制,导致PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)以及非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)、潜在活性(Fv/Fo)显著下降(P<0.05)。外源ABA能够显著缓解低温胁迫对牛皮杜鹃叶片光合能力的影响,优化气体交换过程,对气孔长度、宽度、长宽比影响显著(P<0.05),提高PSⅡ反应中心活性,提高光能利用率,促进物质积累,提高牛皮杜鹃对低温胁迫的耐受性。Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.was used as the test materials,after 4days of pretreatment with ABA,and 2days of culture under normal temperature and low temperature stress,the chlorophyll fluorescence content and stomata size were measured respectively.The effects of PSⅡphotosynthetic characteristics and stomatal traits of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.on exogenous ABA under low temperature stress were studied,in order to provide a reference basis for exploring the mechanism of cold resistance.The results showed that the normal growth of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.seedlings were significantly inhibited by low temperature stress,the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP),nonphotochemical quenching(NPQ)and potential activity(Fv/Fo)of PSⅡdecreased significantly(P<0.05).Under low temperature stress,exogenous ABA could significantly alleviate the effects on photosynthetic capacity of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.leaves,optimize the gas exchange process,significantly affect the stomatal length,width and length-width ratio(P<0.05)and increased the activity of PSⅡreaction center,increased the utilization rate of light energy,promoted the accumulation of materials,and improved the tolerance of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.to low temperature stress.

关 键 词：低温胁迫 牛皮杜鹃 ABA 气孔性状 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]