白术种质资源遗传多样性的SRAP分析  

Genetic Diversity of Atractylodes macrocephala by SRAP Markers

作　　者：蒋小刚 王华[1] 张美德[1] JIANG Xiaogang;WANG Hua;ZHANG Meide(Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Enshi,Hubei 445000)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第1期109-115,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划资助项目(2020BCA059);湖北省农业科技创新中心2020年重大科技研发资助项目(2020-620-000-002-04);恩施州科技计划研究与开发资助项目(D20200020);湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金资助项目(2021NKYJJ19)。

摘　　要：以湖北咸丰、湖南平江、安徽亳州等8个白术主产地的52份不同株型(紧凑型、中间型、松散型)白术种质资源为试材,采用SRAP分子标记法,研究了其遗传多样性,以期为白术种质资源有效利用及品种选育提供参考依据。结果表明:14对SRAP多态性引物共检测到184个位点,多态性百分率为88.6%,Nei′s基因多样性指数(H)平均值为0.2313,Shannon多样性指数(I)平均值为0.3629,基因流(N_(m))为1.2137。52份种质间遗传相似系数为0.5272~0.9728,平均值为0.7985。紧凑型和松散型白术遗传多样性指数较为接近,且整体低于中间型,松散型与紧凑型白术遗传差异最大,而与中间型遗传差异最小。在遗传相似系数为0.80时,可将52份白术种质划分为九大类,聚类结果与地理分布无明显相关性,紧凑型主要聚在第一和第三大类,而松散型和中间型分散在各大类中。52份白术种质资源具有较丰富的遗传多样性,其中中间型和松散型种质遗传多样性较紧凑型丰富,可通过进一步研究筛选白术理想株型,为白术良种选育提供基础。The genetic diversity of 52 Atractylodes macrocephala germplasm resources with different plant types(compact type,intermediate type and loose type)from 8 main producing areas were analyzed by SRAP molecular markers,in order to provide a reference for the effective utilization of Atractylodes macrocephala resources and variety breeding.The results showed that 184locis were detected by 14pairs of SRAP polymorphic primers,and the polymorphic ratio was 88.6%,the average Nei′s gene diversity index(H)was 0.2313,the average Shannon diversity index(Ⅰ)was 0.3629,the gene flow(N_(m))was 1.2137.The genetic similarity coefficient of 52accessions ranged from 0.5272to 0.9728,with an average of 0.7985.The genetic diversity index of the compact and loose type of Atractylodes macrocephala was close,and the whole was lower than that of intermediate type.The genetic difference between the loose and compact type of Atractylodes macrocephala was the largest,and the genetic difference between the loose type and intermediate type was the smallest.When the genetic similarity was 0.80,52 Atractylodes macrocephala germplasm resources could be divided into 9subgroups,and the cluster result had no revelation with geographical distribution.The compact type was mainly distributed in subgroupⅠandⅢ.Instead,the loose and the intermediate type were scattered in all the subgroups.52germplasm resources were abundant of genetic diversity.Among them,the intermediate and loose type were more aboundant than compact type.And through further research,the ideal plant-type Atractylodes macrocephala could be screened,which could provide a basis for the varieties breeding of Atractylodes macrocephala.

关 键 词：白术 遗传多样性 SRAP分子标记 株型 

分 类 号：S567.231[农业科学—中草药栽培]