论公益诉讼检察调查核实权及其程序控制——以《人民检察院组织法》第21条为视角  

On Investigation and Verification Power in Public Interest Litigation and Its Procedural Control:From the Perspective of Article 21 in Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorates

作　　者：徐本鑫 徐欢忠 XU Benxin;XU Huanzhong(School of Law,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学法学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期56-62,共7页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BFX076)。

摘　　要：2018年修订的《人民检察院组织法》第21条为检察机关在履行法律监督职权中行使调查核实权提供了法律依据和程序指引,增强了权力来源的法定性,明确了权力运行的阶段性和功能的监督性。但由于立法的原则性和模糊性,公益诉讼实践中出现了检察调查核实权的适用依据不明确、运行阶段不清晰、运行目标不合理等问题,这导致了权力配置错乱、权力性质模糊和司法资源浪费,从而不利于检察机关履行公益诉讼检察职能。建议适时修改《人民检察院组织法》并出台规范性文件,明确检察机关在公益诉讼中享有调查核实权,以补强权力运行的法律依据;将调查核实权运行限定在从立案到发出检察建议这一阶段,以区别于立案前的线索初查和提起诉讼后的调查取证;通过明确调查核实启动程序、规范执行调查核实方案和发挥调查核实终结报告的程序控制作用,规范调查核实权的运行。Article 21 in the Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorates revised in 2018 enhances the legality of the investigation and verification power and clarifies the operation stage and the supervision function of the power,thus providing a legal basis and procedural guidance for the procuratorial organs to exercise the investigation and verification power in legal supervision.However,due to the fuzziness of legislation,some problems exist in the practice of public interest litigation,including unclear application basis of the power,unclear operation stage,and unreasonable operation goal,which lead to the confusion of power allocation,the fuzziness of the power and the waste of judicial resources and therefore,are not conducive for the procuratorial organs to fulfil their procuratorial function.It is suggested that the Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorates should be revised in due course and normative documents should be issued,so as to clarify the power of procuratorial organs in public interest litigation,and strengthen the legal basis for the operation of the power.The investigation and verification power should be exercised during the period from the filing of the case to the issuance of procuratorial suggestions,so as to distinguish from the preliminary investigation of clues before filing a case and the investigation and evidence collection in the litigation stage.It is essential to standardize the operation of the power by clarifying the start-up procedure,implementing the normative investigation and verification scheme,and bringing into full play the procedural control of the final report.

关 键 词：检察机关 公益诉讼 法律监督 调查核实权 程序控制 

分 类 号：D926.3[政治法律—法学]