区域间人力资源市场供求失衡及成因研究  

Research on the Imbalance and Causes of Supply and Demand in Regional Human Resource Market

作　　者：田永坡[1] 郭旭林 朱丹雨 Tian Yongpo;Guo Xulin;Zhu Danyu

机构地区：[1]中国人事科学研究院人力资源市场与流动管理研究室 [2]中国(湖南)自由贸易试验区长沙片区芙蓉事务中心制度创新部

出　　处：《经济研究参考》2022年第2期99-113,共15页Review of Economic Research

摘　　要：本文以不同经济区域的供求状况为基础,分析了不同区域人力资源市场供求矛盾的差异和原因。研究发现,不同区域的人力资源市场的供求矛盾存在一定差异,西部地区的求人倍率最高,中部次之,东部最低。造成这种现象的原因主要有两方面:一是区域经济快速发展所带来的巨大劳动力需求;二是劳动力年龄人口占比下降和区域间劳动力流动所导致的部分区域人力资源供给减少。对此,应采取以下措施缓解这一状况:落实好已经出台的三孩生育政策及相关配套支持措施,持续调整优化生育政策;加大劳动力技能教育和培训力度,提升教育质量;加强国家发展战略、区域发展定位与产业政策之间的协调,推动经济与人力资源等要素协同发展。Based on the supply and demand situation in different economic regions,this paper analyzes the differences and causes of the contradiction between supply and demand of human resources market in different regions.The study found that there are certain differences in the contradiction between supply and demand of human resources markets in different regions.The demand/supply ratio is the highest in the western China,followed by the central region and the lowest in the eastern region.There are two main reasons for this phenomenon:one is the huge labor demand brought about by the rapid development of the regional economy;the other is the decline in the proportion of the labor-age population,and the supply reduction of human resources in some regions caused by the inter-regional labor mobility.In this regard,the following measures should be taken to alleviate this situation:implement the three-child policy and related supporting measures,continue to adjust and optimize the fertility policy;intensify labor skills education and training to improve the quality of school education;strengthen the coordination among national development strategy,regional development orientation and industrial policies,promote the coordinated development of economy with human resources.

关 键 词：人力资源市场供求 区域 结构性矛盾 

分 类 号：F241.2[经济管理—劳动经济]