低龄未成年人核准追诉的立法审视与范围厘定——兼论《刑法修正案(十一)》第1条  

Legislative Review and Scope Determination on the Approval and Prosecution of Young Juveniles:Discuss on Article 1 of Criminal Law Amendment Act (XI)

作　　者：王译萱 张垚 WANG Yi-xuan;ZHANG Yao(LawSchool,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100089;Law Policy Research Office,People's Procuratorate of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100089 [2]浙江省人民检察院法律政策研究室,杭州310000

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2022年第1期65-72,共8页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

基　　金：最高人民检察院检察理论研究重点课题“刑事检察指导性案例研究”(GJ2021ALB02);2021年度最高人民检察院检察应用理论研究课题“贯彻落实‘少捕慎诉慎押’司法理念的检察实践研究”。

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(十一)》第1条在降低最低刑事责任年龄的基础上,创设了我国低龄未成年人犯罪的核准追诉制度。最高人民检察院在核准追诉的审查过程中,理应体现"以未成年人为中心"的少年司法特色,遵循"以被追诉人为对象"的核准追诉要求。在司法适用方面,需要对低龄未成年人犯罪的构成要件进行审慎理解:对于犯罪主体需要同时审查年龄与刑事责任能力,情节要件需从罪行、手段等情况进行认定,"情节恶劣"的认定需结合客观因素与主观因素进行综合评价。On the basis of lowering the minimum age of criminal responsibility,Article 1 of Criminal Law Amendment Act(XI) has created the approval and prosecution system for juvenile delinquency in China.The Supreme People’s Procuratorate should reflect the juvenile judicial characteristics of "taking juveniles as the center" and follow the approval and prosecution requirements of "taking the accused as the object" in the review process of approving and prosecuting.In terms of judicial application,it is necessary to carefully understand constitutive requirements of juvenile delinquency.For the criminal subject whose age and criminal responsibility should be examined at the same time,and the circumstances should be determined from the criminal behavior and means.The determination of "the circumstances are flagrant " should be evaluated comprehensively by combining objective and subjective factors.

关 键 词：低龄未成年人 核准追诉 犯罪成立要件 《刑法修正案(十一)》 

分 类 号：D92.68[政治法律—法学]